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HYMS Pharmacology > Year 1 Drugs List > Flashcards

Year 1 Drugs List Flashcards

(97 cards)

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1
Q

Atropine

A
  • muscarinic antagonist
  • abolishes vagus mediated cardiac slowing
  • used to treat bradycardia
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2
Q

Bethamethasone

A
  • glucocorticoid receptor agonist

- reduced synthesis of prostaglandins and leukotrienes

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3
Q

Digoxin

A
  • Inhibits Na/K ATPase
  • leads to intracellular sodium accumulation. More sodium is extruded by NCX
  • Increased Ca increases contractility
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4
Q

Edrophonium

A
  • acetylcholinesterase inhibitor

- used in cardiac arrythmias and tensillon test

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5
Q

Ethanol

A
  • binds to AcHr, 5-HTr. GABAr and NMDAr

- dehydrating agent

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6
Q

Ethinylestradiol

A
  • synthetic estradiol
  • binds to oestrogen receptor
  • combined pill - prevents ovulation by supressing FSH release via negative feedback
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7
Q

Ketaconazole

A
  • broad spectrum antifungal

- causes increased fungal cellular permeability

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8
Q

Morphine

A
  • mu opioid agonist
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9
Q

Naloxone

A
  • opiate antagonist

- used to reverse the effects of opioid overdose

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10
Q

Rifampicin

A
  • broad spectrum antibiotic

- inhibits RNA polymerase therefore suppresses RNA synthesis and leads to cell death

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11
Q

Suxamethonium

A
  • nAcHr agonist
  • hydrolysed much slower than AcH, causing prolonged depolarisation and therefore desensitisation
  • muscle relaxant
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12
Q

Tamoxifen

A
  • selective oestrogen receptor modulator

- used to prevent breast cancer

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13
Q

Tubocuraine

A
  • nAcHr antagonist

- used as a muscle relaxant during surgery

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14
Q

Paracetamol

A
  • NSAID - COX inhibitor
  • lacks anti-platelet and anti-inflammatory effects but is a useful analgesic
  • does not have gastric ulcerative effects
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15
Q

Pyridostigmine

A
  • cholinesterase inhibitor

- used to treat myasthenia gravis

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16
Q

Diamorphine

A

mu opioid agonist

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17
Q

Atenolol

A

selective beta 1 antagonist

reduces heart rate and CO as well as BP

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18
Q

Propranolol

A

non-selective beta antagonist

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19
Q

Bendroflumethiazide

A

thiazide diuretic

Inhibits sodium reabsorption by binding to Na/Cl co-transporter

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20
Q

Amiodarone

A

antiarrythmic agent

prolongs cardiac action potential (phase 3 - repolarisation)

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21
Q

Warfarin

A

vitamin K antagonist

anticoagulant

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22
Q

Ramipril

A

ACE inhibitor

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23
Q

Verapamil

A

anti-arrhythmia agent

Inhibits Can channels causing a reduction in isotropy and chronotropy

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24
Q

Domperidone

A

antiemetic
D2/D3 antagonist
Acts on CTZ

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25
metoclopramide
dopamine antagonist antiemetic acts on CTZ
26
Perphenazine
dopamine antagonist acts on CTZ antiemetic
27
Cyclizine
antihistamine | used to treat motion sickness
28
Promethiazine
H1 antagonist | used to treat motion sickness
29
Hycosine
anti-muscarinic | used to treat motion sickness
30
Ondansetron | Granisetron
5-HT3 antagonist | Inhibits the visceral afferent stimulation of the vomiting centre
31
Omeprazole
PPI
32
Ranitidine
H2 antagonist | inhibits the promotion of stomach acid secretion by histamine
33
Magnesium Trisilicate
antacid | neutralises stomach acid
34
Misoprostol
prostaglandin mimetic | inhibits the production of stomach acid promoted by histamine
35
Amoxycillin
beta lactam antibiotic | helicobacter pylori
36
Clarythromycin
macrolide antibiotic | helicobacter pylori
37
Metronidazole
antibacterial and protazoal
38
Orlistat
inhibits lipase | TAG not broken down so can't be absorbed
39
Statins
HMG-CoA inhibitors | prevent cholesterol synthesis
40
Fibrates
promotes transcription of lipoprotein lipase therefore reducing VLDL and LDL levels and increasing HDL levels
41
Hydroxybalamin
synthetic form of vitamin B12
42
Ferrous Sulphate
iron supplementation therapy
43
Folic Acid
member of vitamin B family Used to treat megaloblastic anaemia Required for purine synthesis and for erythropoiesis
44
Azathioprine
antagonist of purine metabolism | used to treat auto-immune diseases and to prevent rejection in transplant recipients
45
Ciclosporin
immunosuppressant | calcineurin inhibitor - prevents synthesis of IL-2
46
Clopidogrel
antiplatelet administered as prodrug Active metabolite antagonises purine receptor
47
Heparin
anticoagulant low MW inhibits factor Xa high MW inhibits factor Xa and thrombin
48
Prednisolone
corticosteriod | reduces transcription of inflammatory proteins
49
Chlorphrenamine
histamine receptor inverse agonist | relief of hayfever
50
Hydrocortisone
glucocorticoid receptor agonist | Increase expression of lipocortins, which inhibit phospholipase A2 (which is required for arachidonic acid synthesis)
51
Aldendronate
Bisphosponate | reduces osteoclast activity
52
Calciferol
Vitamin D3
53
Raloxifine
selective oestrogen receptor modulator Has oestrogen like effects on bone and lipid metabolism but antagonises the effects of oestrogen on breast and uterine tissue
54
Codeine
opioid receptor agonist | converted to morphine
55
Pethidine
opioid receptor agonist | faster onset but shorter duration of action than morphine
56
Lidocaine
local anaesthetic | sodium channel blocker
57
Tramadol
centrally acting analgesic
58
Dobutamine
beta 1 agonist | inotropic effects
59
Isoprenaline
beta 2 agonist | bronchodialator
60
Salbutamol
beta 2 agonist | long acting bronchodialator
61
Salmeterol
beta 2 agonist | long acting bronchodialator
62
Phenoxybenzamine
alpha receptor antagonist | used to treat hypertension
63
Doxazosin
alpha 1 antagonist | hypertension
64
Muscarine
mimicks effects of AcH at mAcHr
65
Pilocarpine
muscarinic agonist | used to treat glaucoma
66
Cocaine
local anaesthetic - sodium channel blocker | vasoconstrictive properties - blocks NA reuptake in ANS
67
Amphetamines
promotes the release of NA
68
Fluoxetine
SSRI | depression and panic disorder
69
Hemicholinium
choline reuptake inhibitor | myasthenia gravis
70
Imipramine
tricyclic antidepressant
71
Phenylzine
MAOI
72
Diazepam
GABA allosteric agonist
73
Zopiclone
non-benzo hypnotic | short term treatment of insomnia
74
Memantine
NMDA receptor antagonist | used in treatment of dementia (prevents glutamate toxicity)
75
Chlorpromazine
DA antagonist | antipsychotic
76
Haloperidol
DA antagonist | antipsychotic
77
Amitryptiline
Tricyclic antidepressant
78
Citalopram
SSRI
79
Methylphenidate
NA/DA releaser used to treat ADHD and narcolepsy Ritilin
80
Lithium
mood stabiliser
81
Busripone
partial 5-HT agonist | used to treat generalised anxiety
82
Risperidone
atypical antipsychoitc | inhibits D2, 5-HT2, alpha and HI receptors
83
Clozapine
atypical antipsychoitc inhibits D2, 5-HT2, alpha, muscarinic and HI receptors drug of last resort
84
Thiopental
Barbituate | GABA Enhancer
85
Mefanemic Acid
NSAID used to treat period pain
86
Tranexamic Acid
antifibrinolytic drug inhibits the activation of plasminogen to plasmin Plasmin degrades fibrin clots
87
Mestranol
synthetic derivative of estradiol
88
Estriol
an oestrogen only produced in significant amounts in pregnancy approved for the treatment of post-menopausal hot flashes
89
Norethisterone
Progestin more potent inhibitor of ovulation used in treating amenorrhea, functional uterine bleeding, endometriosis, and for contraception.
90
Medroxyprogesterone Acetate
progestin | contraceptive, HRT and treatment of endometrosis
91
Desogestrel/Levonorgestrel
progestin in contraceptives
92
Sildenafil
Phosphodiesterase V inhibitor | used to treat erectile dysfunction
93
Goserelin
LH releasing hormone (GnRH) superagonist | can inhibit the growth of androgen-dependent prostate cancer
94
Finasteride
5-alpha reductase inhibitor | treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia
95
Bicalutamide
androgen receptor antagonist | prostate cancer
96
Alprostadil
synthetic version of prostaglandin E1 | relaxes smooth muscle of corpora cavernosa when administered by intracavernosal injection
97
Nandrolone
Anabolic steroid | increases production and urinary excretion of erythropoietin

HYMS Pharmacology (2 decks)

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