Year 12 Aliphatic

Question 1

Name for long chain hydrocarbons into alkenes

Answer 1

Thermal cracking

Question 2

Conditions for thermal cracking

Answer 2

High temperature
High pressure

Question 3

Name for long chain hydrocarbons into aromatics/cyclic alkanes/branched alkanes

Answer 3

Catalytic cracking

Question 4

Reagents and conditions for catalytic cracking

Answer 4

Zeolite catalyst and moderate temperatuee

Question 5

Mechanism for alkane into haloalkane

Answer 5

Free radical substitution

Question 6

Regents and conditions for catalytic cracking

Answer 6

X2 and UV light

Question 7

Mechanism for haloalkanes into alcohol

Answer 7

Nucleophilic substitution

Question 8

Regents and conditions for nucleophilic substitution into an alcohol

Answer 8

NaOH (:OH-)
Aqueous, heat under reflux

Question 9

Mechanism for haloalkanes into nitrile

Answer 9

Nucleophilic substitution

Question 10

Reagents and conditions for nucleophilic substitution into a nitrile

Answer 10

KCN (:CN-)
Ethanolic, heat under reflux

Question 11

Mechanism name for haloalkanes into amine

Answer 11

Nucleophilic substitution

Question 12

Reagents and conditions for nucleophilic substitution into amines

Answer 12

Excess of concentrated NH3
Ethanol solvent, heat under pressure

Question 13

Mechanism name for haloalkanes into alkenes

Answer 13

Basic elimination

Question 14

Reagents and conditions for basic elimination

Answer 14

KOH/NaOH in ethanol
Hot and ethanolic for the :OH to act as a base

Question 15

Mechanism name for alkene into haloalkanes

Answer 15

Electrophilic addition

Question 16

Reagents and conditions for electrophilic addition into haloalkanes

Answer 16

HBr
Room temp

Question 17

Mechanism name for alkene into dihaloalkane

Answer 17

Electrophilic addition

Question 18

Reagents and conditions for electrophilic addition into a dihalolkane

Answer 18

Br2
Room temp

Question 19

Mechanism name for alkene into hydrogen sulfate

Answer 19

Electrophilic addition

Question 20

Reagents and conditions for electrophilic addition into hydrogen sulfate

Answer 20

H2SO4
Heat

Question 21

Mechanism name for alkene into an alcohol

Answer 21

Hydration

Question 22

Reagents and conditions for hydration

Answer 22

H2O and a phosphoric acid catalyst
High temperature and pressure

Question 23

Name for glucose into ethanol

Answer 23

Fermentation

Question 24

Reagents and conditions for fermentation

Answer 24

Yeast catalyst
Anaerobic

Question 25

Mechanism for alcohol into alkene

Answer 25

Elimination

Question 26

Reagents and conditions for elimination

Answer 26

Concentrated sulfuric/phosphoric acid Heat under refluc

Question 27

Name for primary alcohol into aldehyde

Answer 27

Oxidation

Question 28

Reagents and conditions for oxidation into an aldehyde

Answer 28

Acidified potassium dichromate Heat under distillation

Question 29

Name for primary alcohol into carboxylic acid

Answer 29

Oxidation

Question 30

Reagents and conditions for primary alcohol into carboxylic acid

Answer 30

Excess acidified potassium dichomrate Heat under relfuc

Question 31

Name for secondary alcohol into a ketone

Answer 31

Oxidation

Question 32

Reagents and conditions of oxidation into aromatics ketone

Answer 32

Acidified potassium dichromate Heat

Question 33

Name for aldehyde into carboxylic acid

Answer 33

Oxidation

Question 34

Reagents and conditions for oxidation of any aldehyde into a carboxylic acid

Answer 34

Acidified potassium dichomrate Heat under reflux