Yearclub revision session

Question 1

what type of developmental delay would autism come under

Answer 1

deviation

Question 2

what type of virus is measles caused by

Answer 2

RNA virus a Paramyxovirus

Question 3

kolpik spots and rash starting behind ears

Answer 3

measles

Question 4

what is caused by togavirus

Answer 4

rubella

Question 5

rubella is high risk to foetus during what weeks of pregnancy

Answer 5

8-10 weeks gestation

Question 6

what is the cause of chickenpox

Answer 6

varicella zoster

Question 7

what can calm the itch of chickenpox

Answer 7

calamine lotion

Question 8

strawberry tongue is a sign of what

Answer 8

scarlet fever

Question 9

mumps cause

Answer 9

paramyxovirus

Question 10

another name for erythema infectiosum

Answer 10

slapped cheek

Question 11

hand foot and mouth virus

Answer 11

coxsackie virus A16

Question 12

stridor heard on inspiration

Answer 12

partial upper airway obstruction

Question 13

stridor heard on expiration

Answer 13

obstruction below level of larynx

Question 14

1st line croup treatment

Answer 14

oral dexamethasone

Question 15

severe croup treatment

Answer 15

nebulised adrenaline

Question 16

thumb print sign on xray

Answer 16

epiglottitis

Question 17

genetics of CF

Answer 17

autosomal recessive
CFTR gene mutation - chromosome 7

Question 18

neonates not passing meconium within 24hrs could be sign of CF, true or false

Answer 18

true

Question 19

slipped upper femoral epiphyses typical patient

Answer 19

obese young (pre-pubescent) boys

Question 20

CRP levels in transient synovitis of hip

Answer 20

normal

Question 21

risk factors for DDH

Answer 21

• family history
• downs syndrome

Question 22

what is perthes disease

Answer 22

avascular necrosis of femoral head

Question 23

typical perthes disease patient

Answer 23

young active boy

Question 24

hanging rope sign

Answer 24

perthes disease

Question 25

transient synovitis of hip follows what?

Answer 25

URTI

Question 26

treatment of transient synovitis of hip

Answer 26

nothing its self limiting - unless its sepsis!

Question 27

xray abnormal klein line suggests what

Answer 27

slipped upper femoral epiphyses

Question 28

what is kocher criteria for

Answer 28

septic arthritis

Question 29

septic arthritis management

Answer 29

urrent irrigation + debridement IV antibiotics and cover gram positive (flucloxacillin)

Question 30

GORD in kids, why

Answer 30

immature lower oesophageal sphincters

Question 31

what age would you expect GORD to have resolved by

Answer 31

1 year

Question 32

pyloric stenosis main symptom

Answer 32

projectile vomiting not long after feeding

Question 33

pyloric stenosis what is going on

Answer 33

progressive hypertrophy of pyloric sphincter muscle leads to gastric obstruction

Question 34

red current jelly stool

Answer 34

intussusception

Question 35

malrotation with volvulus sign

Answer 35

green vomit

Question 36

malrotation with volvulus management

Answer 36

emergency surgery

Question 37

necrotising enterocolitis sign in stool

Answer 37

blood in stools

Question 38

lower GI bleed in newborn

Answer 38

necrotising enterocolitis

Question 39

lower GI bleed in 1 month to a year

Answer 39

intussusception

Question 40

innocent murmur in baby

Answer 40

- systolic murmur - venous hum - disappears when child lies down

Question 41

pathological murmurs in baby

Question 42

ventricular septal defect presentation

Answer 42

- failure to thrive - heart failure features such as hepatomegaly, tachypnoea, pallor - pansystolic murmur

Question 43

small ventricular septal defect management

Answer 43

if small it may close itself

Question 44

atrial septal defect

Answer 44

ejection systolic murmur something else???

Question 45

coarctation of the aorta presentation in infancy

Answer 45

heart failure

Question 46

coarctation of the aorta management in neonates

Answer 46

IV prostaglandins definitive is surgery

Question 47

patent ductus arteriosus management

Answer 47

indomethacin or ibuprofen

Question 48

machinery murmur

Answer 48

patent ductus arteriosus

Question 49

tetralogy of fallot

Answer 49

- ventricular septal defect - right ventricular hypertrophy - right ventricular outflow obstruction, pulmonary stenosis - overriding aorta

Question 50

duchennes muscular dystrophy what gene

Answer 50

DMD gene is not working correctly

Question 51

duchennes muscular dystrophy genetics

Answer 51

x linked recessive

Question 52

febrile convulsions differentials

Answer 52

CNS infections trauma/NAI metabolic: low glucose/mg/ca CNS lesions: brain tumour

Question 53

jaundice under 24hrs most common cause

Answer 53

ABO incompatibility

Question 54

jaundice in over 2 weeks old

Answer 54

biliary atresia pale stool and dark urine (conjugated hyperbilirubin)

Question 55

3 types of jaundice

Answer 55

pre-hepatic hepatic post-hepatic

Question 56

gilbert's syndrome

Answer 56

liver is unable to process bilirubin properly.

Question 57

what condition is biliary atresia associated with

Answer 57

trisomy 21

Question 58

if mother is rhesus negative and baby is positive, what management is needed

Answer 58

the mum is given anti D immunoglobulin injection

Question 59

meningitis most common causes

Answer 59

strep pneumonia H influenzae N. meningitis

Question 60

encephalitis triad

Answer 60

fever headache altered behaviour flu like

Question 61

encephalitis symptoms

Answer 61

lethargy poor feeding bulging fontanelle jaundice purpuric rash

Question 62

main virus causing encephalitis

Answer 62

HSV