Yeast

Question 1

animal more severely affected by cryptococcus neoformans

Answer 1

cats – systemic mycosis

Question 2

major virulence factor of cryptococcus neoformans

Answer 2

very thick capsule – prevents phagocytosis, stimualte T regulatory cells, inactivates alternative complement pathway activation

Question 3

growth of cryptococcus neoformans

Answer 3

encapsulation optimal on chocolate agar
SDA

Question 4

what can cryptococcus neoformans be present in for up to 1 year and why

Answer 4

dried pigeon feces – high creatinine content

Question 5

transmission of cryptococcus neoformans

Answer 5

respiratory

Question 6

primary site of infection in cats for cryptococcus neoformans

Answer 6

nasal cavity

Question 7

what exotic animal can cryptococcus neoformans affect

Answer 7

koalas – respiratory infections

Question 8

what type of immunity important for cryptococcus neoformans

Answer 8

cell mediated immunity – macrophage activation

Question 9

what does serology detect in cryptococcus neoformans

Answer 9

detection of antibodies to capsule

Question 10

growth of Malassezia pachydermatis

Answer 10

blood agar
colonies with greenish tint
aerobic or microaerophilic

Question 11

normal habitat of Malassezia pachydermatis

Answer 11

skin, ear canal
dogs, cats, ferrets, ruminants

Question 12

diseases associated with Malassezia pachydermatis

Answer 12

otitis externa
dermatitis

Question 13

transmission of Malassezia pachydermatis

Answer 13

opportunistic
associated with otehr skin diseases

Question 14

breeds susceptible

Answer 14

australian silky terrier
basset hounds
cocker spaniels
doxin
poodle
west highland white terrier

Question 15

diagnosis of Malassezia pachydermatis

Answer 15

bottle or shoe print shaped yeast
SDA
PCR

Question 16

what type of hypersensitivity is Malassezia pachydermatis associated allergic dermatitis

Answer 16

type 1 hypersentitivity

Question 17

habitat of Candida albicans

Answer 17

nromal flora of mucous membranes

Question 18

who susceptible to Candida albicans infection

Answer 18

immunocompromised

Question 19

what allows Candida albicans to grow

Answer 19

changes in normal flora due to overuse of antibiotics, steroids, and hormones

Question 20

where is Candida albicans present

Answer 20

mucocutaneous areas
GI tract
genital tract
mammals and birds

Question 21

transmission of Candida albicans

Answer 21

endogenous infections – commensal microorganism
hematogenosu spread – systemic infection

Question 22

pathogenesis of Candida albicans

Answer 22

whitish to yellow grey palques with areas of ulceration and inflammation
systemic spread – respiraotry, intestinal

Question 23

diseases of Candida albicans in birds, swine, horse

Answer 23

GI tract

Question 24

diseases of Candida albicans in cattle

Answer 24

pneumonic, enteric, mastitis, systemic

Question 25

diseases of Candida albicans in dogs, cats

Answer 25

non healing ulcerative lesions on oral and upper respriaotry mucosa, GI mucosa, genitourinary tract

Question 26

diagnosis of Candida albicans

Answer 26

blastoconidia and pseudohyphae observation

Question 27

treatment of birds with Candida albicans

Answer 27

copepr sulfate in water, nystatin

Question 28

treatmetn of mammals with Candida albicans

Answer 28

amphotericin B itraconazole miconazole

Question 29

treatment of dogs and cats with Candida albicans

Answer 29

fluconazole fluctyosine