Young, middle, and older adult development (patterns) Flashcards
(40 cards)
Middle adulthood age range
40-64
Physical changes in the middle adult include?
hormonal changes- decreased testosterone in men, estrogen in women, hair thins/grays, wrinkling and decreased moisture of skin, increased fat deposition, decreased capacity for physical work, decreased height, metabolism, and elasticity of blood vessels, decreased bone mass/density, decreased cardiac output.
What are the leading causes of death for this age group:?
Cancer and heart disease
Menopause- Definition? Median age? What does the hormone loss lead to?
Occurs at a median age of 51-52. Defined as having no period for a year. This causes the ovaries to stop producing estrogen and progesterone. Decreased estrogen leads to decrease in secondary sex characteristics (pubic hair, breast size). Reduced estrogen also places the woman at risk for other conditions.
What chronic conditions are commonly diagnosed in middle aged adults?
heart disease, HTN, diabetes, cancer, arthritis, and obesity.
Obesity
a body mass index of 30 or greater. Middle age adults are more at risk because of sedentary lifestyles due to increased work/home responsibilities. This is a precursor to conditions like HTN, diabetes, heart disease, stroke, gallbladder disease, arthritis, breathing problems, and some cancers.
What happens to the intellectual ability of the middle aged adult?
There are no changes in intellect, but learning continues in areas of reasoning, vocabulary, and spatial perceptions, and so do life experiences.
Perceptual changes experienced by middle aged adults
presbyopia (far-sightedness) presbycusis (impaired auditory acuity) glaucoma, macular degeneration and cataracts also can occur. Diminished taste
Levinson’s stage for middle aged adults
midlife transition at ages 38-40, defined by a struggle with meaning, valua, and direction of one’s life. The adult re-evaluates his or her position and modifies it to reach a desired status.
Erikson’s stage for middle aged adults
Generativity v stagnation= generativity is a sense of productivity and creativity, with a desire to help others. Stagnation is the result of not obtaining one’s goals and becoming self-absorbed and excluding others
Describe Levinson’s “novice adult” stage for the young adult
applies to ages 22-28, stage where adults are building careers, developing relationships, seeking stability and security. Also, they re-evaluate their beliefs and values.
Describe Levinson’s “age 30 transition” stage for the young adult
Stage where one first evaluates his or her lifestyle
Describe Levinson’s “settling down” stage for young adult
Applies to ages 34-40. Stage where the adult is involved in many family and community activities. The adult has reached a sense of security/stability and now seeks family harmony and development.
Maturation in young adults is usually defined as…
An individual’s achievement of financial and residential independence.
Describe the young adult’s self-perception pattern.
The young adult seeks challenges, stability, and success. Formal education is completed within this age group and employment is a priority over family/ other things. Employment also provides self-esteem and social interaction.
Identify Erikson’s stage of psychosocial development for young adults and describe it.
Intimacy v. isolation. The major goal during this stage is to increase self esteem and competency, while developing open, trustful relationships. The identity of the person merges with another but the person must be comfortable with self first. Isolation occurs if one lacks a personal identity, avoids intimacy, and becomes self-absorbed.
Define Piaget’s stage of cognitive development among young adults.
Young adults are said to have formal operational thought which is true logical thought that allows for manipulation of abstract concepts. Thought is more perceptive and insightful, with allowance of constructing hypotheses and testing them. Also, the adult develops a sense of morality.
Mult. Mult.- Which OTF is false? a) vision is optimal at 20 and then declines. b) the ability to hear low pitched tones decreases after the age of 20. c) taste and smell begin to change around the ages of 45-50. d) Temperature and pain sensation does not normally change w/ aging but is related to chronic conditions.
B and D are both false B- the ability to hear high pitched tones decreases after 20 D- temp and pain sensation remains stable until the ages of 45-50
T or F: regarding sports, most accidents are predictable and preventable. They are not the result of random, uncontrollable events.
true
AOTF regarding sunblock/ sun exposure are true, except? a) apply sunscreen 15-30 min before exposure and then every 15-30 min during. b) effective lotions block UV Q light, not UV B light c) Combinations of the ingredients para amino, benzoic acid, ester and benzophenone provide the most effective protection. d) avoid sun exposure 2 hours before and after noon.
B is false, the most effective sunscreens block both UV Q and UV B light.
Major barriers to patient exercise include?
1) lack of time 2) access to exercise facilities 3) safe environments in which to exercise
Identify risk factors for young women developing iron deficiency anemia
Pregnancy, Regular loss of blood during menses, blood loss of 2-4 mL/ day = 1-2mg loss of iron, frequent use of NSAIDS and lack of dietary intake of iron.
When assessing a p. for CV disease, what do providers test for the presence of?
hyperlipidemia, HTN, diabetes, chest pain, heart disease.
How often should young adults be screened for coronary heart disease if they have no risk factors? What ages should screening begin for men and women?
Screening should be at least every 5 years and should begin at age 35 for men and age 45 for women.
