Youth Flashcards

Question

family factors related to youth deviance

Answer 1

social bond theory -attachment was the most important -strong family bonds less to commit crime, and kids who skip school more are more likely to commit crime -children with strong bonds/attachments to parents have better mental and physical health; highly unlikely to become involved in criminal activity -children who are poorly treated and witness domestic violence are at risk to becoming involved with gangs

Answer 2

schools provide structured daytime activities and support healthy socialization -many gang members spend long periods of time outside of school (frequent suspensions, high rates of absenteeism, and dropouts) school-related factors that improve outcomes: school success and bonding, participation in extracurricular activities and low delinquency rate

Answer 3

-all children are oppressed relative to adults, but some children are even more so -where oppression is extreme, children will generalize this to all authority figures including police, teachers, and shopkeepers -The response by parents and teachers is to increase oppressive measures resulting in youth rebelling overly opressed--> learn to distrust parents -> teachers, police and other adults

Answer 4

Risk factors -delinquent siblings and peers -differential association theory (Sutherland) if you hang out with the wrong group more often than family -delinquent friends in absence of family protective factors: pro-social peers; positive peer group membership

Answer 5

Heimer and De Coster: gender and violent crime -The gender gap is the result of cultural processes and structural positions cultural processes (social learning; gender role of socialization) -men: aggressive, risk-taking; emphasis on physical strength -women: nurturing, sexual virtue, female beauty, ethic of care -families more stringently monitor younger girls women: sexual currency allows women to reply upon sex if needed rather than other crimes basically we are socialized by everyone around us, more likely to be delinquent in our youth and more likely if male

Answer 6

-nurture -dolls -babysit -female beauty= girls spending time and money

Answer 7

-structural disadvantage influenced male and female violent crime -in general, the most violent males are those who are the most disadvantaged -structural disadvantages has a greater impact on men's criminal behavior than on women's

Answer 8

speed more smoke not wear seat belts

Answer 9

women can use sex when desperate to not be in crime or they can get into a relationship with a stable man

Answer 10

-issues of power are at the center of girl violence -locate girl aggression in a society characterized by sexism, abuse, and inequality -many violent girls have psychosocial problems: dysfunctional families, internalization of sexist gender roles, lack of anger management skills it is more disturbing when a woman does the same violence as a man would - girls who are violent: this stems from their anger about knowing how women are oppressed or seen as the lesser sex

Answer 11

risk factor examples: -community disorganization: community disorganization theory -exposure to violence social learning theory protective factors -living in a community with mixed socio-economic backgrounds of families -organized and accessible community/social infrastructure -bonding to institutions outside of family and school -strong cultural identity and racial harmony Toronto and Edmonton to avoid ghettoization every community is supposed to have a place for low income institutions like YMCA, ODR, community league, schools, religion, church

Answer 12

- the fact that people are less likely to commit crimes as they grow older -physiological limitations -jobs and marriage are incentives to conform -people come to depend on us (social bonds) -more socially responsible as we age out of youth -e.g. less likely to 'get wasted' on a weekend -once we mature, we mature out of crime -physiological limitations -have responsibilities that discipline us -children and married --> do not want to let them down -social bonds over children depend on us -there is a tolerance for youth delinquency --> less likely as older

Answer 13

crime is a function of neighborhood dynamics -crime most likely in urban areas undergoing change; "zones of transition"; slum areas -these areas lack the development of conventional institutions of social control, characterized by poverty and transiency, racial tension children growing up in these communities experience doubt, hopelessness, and uncertainty -this leads to substance use and drug trafficking for example, as means of coping -it may be that in a slum-setting, delinquency often the most exciting and interesting thing for these youths to do

Answer 14

-The nasty girl; moral panic represents a projection of late-modernity anxieties onto crime/criminals -nasty girls have been viewed as sinister products of feminism -Western culture promotion of 'bad girls' ('girl power') -e.g. Alanis Morisette girls being violent--> this is not right mean girls nasty girls - women have become like men (working), and most naturally for women to be doing this, we are constantly celebrating bad girls and this encourages us to behave this way

Answer 15

- based on the work of Karl Marx -capitalism is the root cause of crime -CJS is tool of capitalist class to control the working class David Greenberg: -young people at increased risk of criminal activity because capitalist structure forces them into financial dependency -working-class youth for low pay Herman and Julia Schwendinger: -capitalist drive for profit displaces workers through the adoption of technology's -increases economic dependency of unskilled workers likely to be exploited, and automation replaces entry-level jobs

Answer 16

Chicago areas of transition were where most crimes was -> transient communities not really schools, families do not do this stuff in transient communities -in many of these communities, doing something delinquent is the only fun you can have

Answer 17

Matza questioned theories that centered on class and structure as determinations of gang involvement Matza's research showed that individual gang member's commitment to deviant subculture norms was only partial -Young people involved in gang often has a commitment to anti-establishment and criminal activity; rather, they drifted between conventional and deviant behavior believed that this was owing to the lack of consensus in society about values did find that youth crime career may be prolonged by early delinquency, drug use, and joblessness young people can drift back and forth-> experimentation in youth drift is also due to lack of consensus: we are multicultural and pluralistic challenging the status quo, there are so many different opinions there is not a clear linear path to life anymore

Answer 18

violent gang activity tends to occur in neighborhoods marked by -high poverty -poor housing -drug use/dealing -transient population -high rate of high school non-completion

Youth Flashcards

(42 cards)