Yr 1

Question 1

SMART targets

Answer 1

Specific 
Measurable 
Achievable 
Realistic 
Timely

Question 2

Lifestyle aspects to cover in a consultation with any patient

Answer 2

Sleeping pattern
Balanced diet
Physical activity
Alcohol consumption

Question 3

Why might the GP be the most appropriate person to see?

Answer 3

GP has broad knowledge of illness and health conditions
Awareness of current and PMH
Aware of social situation, e.g. family support
GP likely to be local to home and therefore accessible

Question 4

Question types

Answer 4

Open - not seeking particular answer
Direct - asking about a specific item
Closed - yes or no answer
Reflective - GP does not answer the question but instead asks patient to think about the answer themselves
Leading - assumes answer, these are to be avoided

Question 5

What factors may motivate behaviour change?

Answer 5

Advantages of changing behaviour outweigh the disadvantages
Would receive positive response from peers/family etc. if changed behaviour
Belief of being able to maintain new behaviour in a range of different circumstances
Due to social norms, current behaviour is viewed as unacceptable
Perceive the new behaviour to the consistent with self-image

Question 6

WHO definition of health

Answer 6

A state of complete physical mental and social wellbeing and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity

Question 7

Factors impacting lay beliefs

Answer 7

Educational status - more education –> more knowledgeable about healthy lifestyle
Age - elderly view health as a functional ability, younger people more likely to view health in terms of strength/fitness
Social class: people from more difficult circumstances regard health as a functional ability (ability to work), women from a higher social class have a more multidimensional view of health
Gender: woman more likely to be excited by the concept of health and may include a more social aspect to health than men

Question 8

Government actions to reduce obesity

Answer 8

Ban advertising unhealthy food
Funding of NHS treatment of obesity, e.g. bariatric surgery 
Support school education of healthy diet
Enforcement of legislation 
Tax on unhealthy food
Transport policy, e.g. cycle lanes

Question 9

Cultural competence

Answer 9

Ongoing capacity of healthcare systems, organisations and professionals yo provide for a diverse patient population high quality care that is safe, patient/family centered, evidence based and equitable.

Question 10

Ways you can get exposed to hazards

Answer 10

Direct skin contact
Inhalation
Ingestion
Blood

Question 11

Categories of hazards

Answer 11

Physical - e.g. radiation
Chemicals - e.g. pesticides
Biological - e.g. infections/allergens
Indirect - e.g. overcrowding

Question 12

Safety netting

Answer 12

Advise on expected course of the illness
Be told of symptoms that may indicate deteriorating
Who/how to contact/seek help should they feel they need it
If have concerns - don’t hesitate to seek medical attention

Question 13

Gate keeper

Answer 13

Controls access to specialist care

Question 14

Advantages of GPs as gate keepers

Answer 14

Decreased burden on secondary care
Interface between community and NHS
HP as co-ordinators of care
Personal advocacy

Question 15

4 ethical principles

Answer 15

Justice
Non-maleficence
Autonomy
Justice