Yr 10 Sem 2

Question 1

Properties of a nucleus

Answer 1

Contains protons and neutrons

Question 2

Explain why electrons shells are filled from the inside-out

Answer 2

• they like to start in the path of least resistance
• start with lowest energy levels to highest

Question 3

Precipitations reactions

Answer 3

Occurs when 2 aqueous solutions react to form a solid precipitate

Question 4

Ionic bonding

Answer 4

The electrostatic attraction between a negatively charged anion and a positively charged cation

Question 5

Dissociation

Answer 5

the process of when atoms break up from a compound

Question 6

Solute

Answer 6

dissolved substance in a solution

Question 7

Solvent

Answer 7

the substance that dissolves other substances

Question 8

Solubility

Answer 8

a measure of how easily a substance dissolves in a solvent

Question 9

Concentration

Answer 9

a measure of how much solute is dissolved in a given volume of solution can be described qualitatively & quantitatively

Question 10

Dilute

Answer 10

a small amount of solute dissolved in a given volume of solution

Question 11

Concentrated

Answer 11

a large amount of solute dissolved in a given volume of solution

Question 12

Precipitate

Answer 12

A solid produced from the reaction between two soluble ionic compounds.

Question 13

Acid

Answer 13

A substance that produces H+ ions in solution

Question 14

Base

Answer 14

A substance that produces OH- ions in solution

Question 15

Neutralisation

Answer 15

A reaction between an acid and a base

Question 16

Acid + Base Reaction

Answer 16

Acid + Base -> water + salt

Question 17

Acid + Metal Reaction

Answer 17

Acid + Metal -> hydrogen + salt

Question 18

Acid + Carbonate Reaction

Answer 18

Acid + Carbonate -> water + carbon dioxide + salt

Question 19

Lattice properties

Answer 19

• doesn’t conduct electricity > its a solid so no mobile charged particles
• brittle > doesn’t withstand distortion to lattice

Question 20

Solution

Answer 20

Mixture in which the solute is uniformly distributed through the solvent

Question 21

Dissolving process

Answer 21

Dissolve = lattice seperate = ions mix with water molecules and move through solution

Question 22

Acids Properties

Answer 22

• sour
• ph < 7
• litmus paper red
• corrosive
• colourless
• conducts electricity

Question 23

Bases properties

Answer 23

• bitter
• ph > 7
• turn litmus paper blue
• slimy feel
• caustic (like corrosive)
• conducts electricity

Question 24

Strong acids

Answer 24

100% ionisation

Question 25

Strong bases

Answer 25

100% dissociation

Question 26

Atom

Answer 26

the smallest particle that can exist by itself and take part in a chemical reaction

Question 27

Element

Answer 27

made up of **atoms of the same kind** and is not charged

Question 28

Compound

Answer 28

made up of atoms of **different kinds** that are chemically joined, is not charged

Question 29

Ion

Answer 29

an atom or **a group of atoms** with a charge

Question 30

Molecule

Answer 30

a **group of non-metal atoms** that are chemically joined, they do not have a charge

Question 31

Mixture

Answer 31

a combination of elements or compounds **not chemically joined**

Question 32

Isotope

Answer 32

an atom or element with a different number of **neutrons** in the nucleus

Question 33

Balancing equations order

Answer 33

- metals - non-metals (excluding hydrogen and oxygen) - oxygen - hydrogen

Question 34

Isotope properties compare & contrast

Answer 34

- same chemical properties (bc same amount of **electrons**) - slight differences in physical properties (speed of reactions, melting point, boiling point)

Question 35

Structure of an atom

Answer 35

- ***dense** (closely compacted)* - ***positively charged nucleus*** consisting of **protons and neutrons** - around which move negatively charged **electrons**

Question 36

Where are electrons in atoms located

Answer 36

in energy levels or shells

Question 37

Ammonium

Answer 37

NH4 +

Question 38

Caesium

Answer 38

Cs +

Question 39

Silver

Answer 39

Ag +

Question 40

Zinc

Answer 40

Zn 2+

Question 41

Cyanide

Answer 41

CN -

Question 42

Dihydrogenphosphate

Answer 42

H**2**PO**4** -

Question 43

Ethanoate (acetate)

Answer 43

CH**3**COO -

Question 44

Hydrogencarbonate

Answer 44

HCO3 -

Question 45

Hydrogensulfate

Answer 45

H**2**SO**4** -

Question 46

Nitrite

Answer 46

NO**2** -

Question 47

Permanganate

Answer 47

MNO**4** -

Question 48

Chromate

Answer 48

CrO**4** **2**-

Question 49

Dichromate

Answer 49

Cr**2**O**7** **2**-

Question 50

Hydrogenphosphate

Answer 50

HPO4 2-

Question 51

Oxalate

Answer 51

C**2**O**4** 2-

Question 52

Sulfite

Answer 52

SO**3** 2-

Question 53

Nitride

Answer 53

N 3-

Question 54

Examples of isotopes

Answer 54

- carbon-12, carbon-13, carbon-14 - hydrogen-1, hydrogen-2, hydrogen-3

Question 55

Relative atomic mass

Answer 55

The mass of an atom compared to 1/12 the mass of a Carbon-12 atom