Yr5 passmed

Question 1

flushing in rosacea mx

Answer 1

brimodine gel

Question 2

moa brimodine

Answer 2

alpha 2 adrenergic agonist

vasoconstricts vesels
reduction in aqeuos humour produced by cicliary body and increases uveosacral outflow in the longterm

Question 3

exclamation mark’hairs

Answer 3

a characteristic feature of alopecia areata, a type of hair loss that occurs when the immune system attacks hair follicles.
They are short, fragile hairs that are narrower at the base than the tip, giving them the appearance of an exclamation point

Question 4

how do beta blockers work to reduce strawberry naevus

Answer 4

By blocking the beta adrenergic receptors, propranolol can make blood vessels narrower, reducing the amount of blood flowing through them. This is particularly effective in haemangiomas, by reducing the colour and making them softer.

Question 5

why cant you use topical and oral antibiotics together

Answer 5

promotes antibiotic resistance

Question 6

Before commencing terbinafine, it is important to check

Answer 6

LFT as hepatotoxicity

Question 7

difference between dermatophyte and non-dermatophyte

Answer 7

Dermatophyte infections
These infections are caused by a group of fungi that can invade the skin, hair, and nails. Symptoms include rashes, scaling, and itching. Dermatophytes are the most common cause of nail infections, accounting for about 90% of cases. The most common dermatophyte is Trichophyton rubrum. Dermatophyte infections are usually treated with topical or oral preparations.
Non-dermatophyte infections
These infections are caused by fungi that are found in soil, decaying plant debris, or plant disease. Non-dermatophyte infections can also affect the skin and nails, but they are more common in patients with other diseases that affect the nails, in the elderly, and in immunocompromised patients. Non-dermatophyte infections require specific diagnostic criteria to differentiate them from contamination. One recommended treatment for non-dermatophyte nail infections is oral itraconazole

Question 8

Erythema ab igne is what

Answer 8

over exposure to infared radiation
reticulated erythematous patches with hyperpigementation and telangiectasia

people next to fires or hot water bottles

risk is if it does not go away can cuse squamous cell skin cancer

Question 9

first line for pyoderma

Answer 9

oral pred

Question 10

plaque psoriasis mx

what is combined with steriod

Answer 10

a potent corticosteroid applied once daily plus vitamin D analogue(calcipotriol) applied once daily
should be applied separately, one in the morning and the other in the evening)

Question 11

Pyoderma gangrenosum is associated not only with IBD and RA but also with

Answer 11

myeloproliferative disorders and AML

Question 12

The image provided likely shows macerated, scaling skin between the toes, which is characteristic of this condition. Topical miconazole is an antifungal medication that is effective against dermatophyte

Answer 12

atheltes foot

also terbinaine

Question 13

3 stages of treating urticara

Answer 13

non-sedating antihistamines (e.g. loratadine or cetirizine) are first-line
NICE Clinical Knowledge Summaries suggest continuing these for up to 6 weeks following an episode of acute urticaria CKS
a sedating antihistamine (e.g. chlorphenamine) may be considered for night-time use (in addition to day-time non-sedating antihistamine) for troublesome sleep symptoms CKS
prednisolone is used for severe or resistant episodes

Question 14

why do you get oedema after a burn

Answer 14

hypoalbuminaemia

Question 15

lipodermatosclerosis

Answer 15

which describes hard and tight skin, and hyperpigmentation due to haemosiderin deposition

Question 16

what drug triggers psoariasis

Answer 16

pink flat mark on his eyelids and on the nape of his neck

Question 17

acne rosacaea tx 1ts line

Answer 17

topical ivermectin is first-line

Question 18

acne rosacea tx if severe

Answer 18

combination of topical ivermectin + oral doxycycline

Question 19

what drugs exacerbate psoriasis

Answer 19

beta blockers
lithium
antimalarials (chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine)
NSAIDs
ACE inhibitors
infliximab

Question 20

Acute onset of tear-drop scaly papules on trunk and limbs - psot infection

Answer 20

guttate

Question 21

The most common dermatosis in pregnancy is

Answer 21

atopic eruption of pregnancy

Question 22

Pompholyx eczema is characterised by what

Answer 22

subtype of eczema characterised by an intensely pruritic rash on the palms and soles

Question 23

perioral dematitis can be made worse by what drug

Answer 23

topical steroids

Question 24

HSV and sometimes coxsackie

Answer 24

eczema herpeitcum

Question 25

HSV-1 oral or genital

Answer 25

oral

Question 26

lichen planus tx

Answer 26

steroid topical

Question 27

Livedo reticularis caused by what common systemic disease

Answer 27

SLE

Question 28

contact dematitis what test

Answer 28

skin patch test

Question 29

skin prick used for

Answer 29

hypersensitivity and allergy reactions

Question 30

skin biopsy doen when

Answer 30

malignancy suspicion

Question 31

scabies tx with permethrin explain who gets it how many doses and ho many weeks apart

Answer 31

In scabies, advise all close contacts to be treated as well as the patient twice, with applications one week apart

Question 32

tinea capitis - fungal ?

Answer 32

yes - topical ketocanole shampoo

Question 33

prodromal sx of cough, rhinorrhoea, sore throat, fever and a rash. recently arrived from Romania 39.2ºC. maculopapular rash affecting his face. His eyes have a serous discharge and small white lesions are noted on his buccal mucosa. what is it

Answer 33

measals

Question 34

what is most important ix for venous ulceration to determine further tx and why

Answer 34

ABPI - make sure blood supply is good to allow some compression which is first line tx

Question 35

usually asymptomatic and are often precipitated by an injury to the site, such as an insect bite.

Answer 35

dermatofibroma

Question 36

Management of venous ulceration

Answer 36

compression bandaging

Question 37

erythema nodosoma is a a type of what

Answer 37

Erythema nodosum is a type of panniculitis, or inflammation of the subcutaneous fat. It presents as tender, erythematous nodules typically located on the anterior shins but can also appear on the forearms. The condition may occur spontaneously or be associated with systemic diseases such as sarcoidosis, inflammatory bowel disease or streptococcal infection.

Question 38

in pt with psoarisis on long term steriods how long should break between courses be

Answer 38

Aim for a 4 week break in between courses of topical corticosteroids in patients with psoriasis

Question 39

Osler-Weber-Rendu syndrome what is it

Answer 39

abnormal blood vessel formation in the skin, mucous membranes, and often in organs such as the lungs, liver, and brain. The erythematous lesions seen on the skin of this patient are likely telangiectasias - small dilated blood vessels near the surface of the skin.

Question 40

common manifestatiosn of osler-weber-rendu syndrome

Answer 40

Recurrent nosebleeds (epistaxis) and iron deficiency anaemia due to chronic bleeding are common manifestations of this condition.

Question 41

erythema multiforme what is it and what triggers it

Answer 41

The name of target lesions comes from the fact they have three concentric colour zones, a darker centre with a blister, a ring around this that is paler pink and raised due to oedema and a bright red outermost ring. This shape of lesion is characteristic of erythema multiforme, a hypersensitivity reaction that is most commonly triggered by infections

Question 42

preg rash over stretch mark and periumbilical sparing before spreading

Answer 42

Polymorphic eruption of pregnancy

Question 43

characterised by pruritic, blistering lesions, initially periumbilical but later spreading to affect the rest of the torso and arms over weeks.

Answer 43

pemphiogid gestationis

Question 44

Atopic eruption of pregnancy

Answer 44

distribtuion of rash like eczema

Question 45

Chondrodermatitis nodularis helicis vs actinic keratosis

Answer 45

Chondrodermatitis nodularis helicis is usually painful.

Question 46

Topical corticosteroids may cause patchy depigmentation in patients with darker skin

Answer 46

true

Question 47

how does compressuon bandaging help PAD

Answer 47

improving blood flow to the affected area by applying pressure, which helps push blood back towards the heart, reducing swelling and potentially alleviating pain associated with poor circulation

Question 48

Auspitz's sign

Answer 48

silvery-white scale that, when removed, exposes an underlying red membrane that can bleed plaque psoariasis

Question 49

side effect of ketoconazole

Answer 49

gynecomastia

Question 50

Superficial dermal burns covering >3% TBSA in adults what do you do

Answer 50

refer directly to secondary care

Question 51

man, who has developed a tight white ring around the tip of the foreskin and phimosis

Answer 51

lichen sclerosis

Question 52

orange-red lesions with pinpoint redder spots on the glans and adjacent areas of the foreskin in uncircumcised men.

Answer 52

zoons ballintiis

Question 53

iron def puritiis features

Answer 53

Pallor Other signs: koilonychia, atrophic glossitis, post-cricoid webs, angular stomatiti

Question 54

how does polycythaemia cause gout

Answer 54

leading to a rapid turnover of red blood cells, which results in an increased production of uric acid

Question 55

Night sweats Lymphadenopathy Splenomegaly, hepatomegaly Fatigue puritis what are we thinking

Answer 55

lymphoma

Question 56

Healthcare workers who aren't naturally immune to varicella should be vaccinated

Answer 56

true

Question 57

facial hirsutism tx

Answer 57

weight loss cosmetic techniques -not on NHS oral contraceptive pills facial hirsutism: topical eflornithine - contraindicated in pregnancy and breast-feeding

Question 58

how does topical eflornithine work

Answer 58

blocking putrescine, an organic compound required for hair follicle growth and inhibiting cellular proliferation.

Question 59

first-line treatment for lichen planus

Answer 59

potent topical steriods

Question 60

what are dermatophytes

Answer 60

Dermatophytes are a specific type of fungus that primarily infects keratinized tissues like skin, hair, and nails, causing infections commonly known as "ringworm" or "tinea

Question 61

shingles when do you need to give antivirals by

Answer 61

The majority of patients with suspected shingles should be treated with antivirals within 72 hours of onset