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Chemistry 303 (Yr 10) > Yr9 Physical And Chemical Changes > Flashcards

Yr9 Physical And Chemical Changes Flashcards

(46 cards)

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1
Q

What are the two types of changes matter can undergo?

A

Physical changes and chemical changes

Physical changes are temporary, while chemical changes are permanent.

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2
Q

What is a physical change?

A

A temporary change in matter

Physical changes do not produce a new substance.

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3
Q

What is a chemical change?

A

A permanent change in matter

Chemical changes produce new substances.

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4
Q

What is produced during a chemical change?

A

A new substance

Examples include rusting and combustion.

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5
Q

Name three examples of physical changes.

A
  • Change in state
  • Change in shape
  • Dissolving

Other examples include cutting, grinding, and bending.

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6
Q

Name three examples of chemical changes.

A
  • Combustion
  • Rusting
  • Digesting

Other examples include oxidizing and decomposing.

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7
Q

What is a key characteristic of physical changes regarding new substances?

A

No new substance is formed

Physical changes can often be reversed.

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8
Q

Can physical changes be reversed?

A

Yes, they can be reversed

Examples include freezing and melting.

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9
Q

Can chemical changes be reversed?

A

Hard to reverse

Most chemical changes result in new substances that cannot easily revert.

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10
Q

What is an example of a physical change involving heat?

A

Freezing or melting

These processes change the state of matter without altering its chemical composition.

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11
Q

What happens during the combustion of a substance?

A

It undergoes a chemical change

Combustion produces heat and often light.

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12
Q

Fill in the blank: Physical changes are ________.

A

temporary

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13
Q

Fill in the blank: Chemical changes are ________.

A

permanent

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14
Q

How does heating hydrated copper sulfate demonstrate a chemical change?

A

It forms anhydrous copper sulfate and water

This process results in new substances and is irreversible.

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15
Q

What is one way to identify a chemical change?

A

Production of odor

Other indicators include color change and release of gas.

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16
Q

What is a common indicator of a physical change?

A

Change in state

This could include melting ice or boiling water.

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17
Q

What is the thermal decomposition of copper carbonate?

A

The breakdown of copper carbonate (CuCO₃) into copper oxide (CuO) and carbon dioxide (CO₂) when heated.

The reaction is represented as: CuCO₃ (s) → CuO (s) + CO₂ (g)

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18
Q

What is the formula for calcium carbonate?

A

CaCO₃

Calcium carbonate is commonly found in limestone.

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19
Q

What is quicklime?

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A

Calcium oxide (CaO)

Quicklime is a product of heating limestone.

20
Q

What is slaked lime?

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A

Calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)â‚‚)

Slaked lime is produced when quicklime reacts with water.

21
Q

What happens when what gas passes through limewater?

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A

Turns milky with carbon dioxide gas

Limewater is an indicator for the presence of carbon dioxide.

22
Q

What is the pH of calcium hydroxide solution?

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A

10

Calcium hydroxide is a strong base.

23
Q

What happens to limewater when carbon dioxide is bubbled through it?

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A

It turns milky

This is due to the formation of calcium carbonate.

24
Q

What color is copper oxide?

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A

Black

Copper oxide is produced from the thermal decomposition of copper carbonate.

25
What color is copper carbonate?
Green ## Footnote Copper carbonate is typically green before decomposition.
26
Fill in the blank: The thermal decomposition is the breakdown of a substance using _______.
HEAT
27
What is the pH of limestone?
7.5 ## Footnote Limestone is slightly basic.
28
What is released during the thermal decomposition of copper carbonate?
Carbon dioxide (COâ‚‚) ## Footnote This gas is a byproduct of the decomposition reaction.
29
What is the process of adding a lot of water to quicklime called?
Slaking ## Footnote This process produces slaked lime.
30
True or False: Copper carbonate is a black solid.
False ## Footnote Copper carbonate is typically green.
31
What is the word equation for the thermal decomposition of copper carbonate?
Copper carbonate → Copper oxide + Carbon dioxide ## Footnote This represents the reaction in a simplified form.
32
What is an advantage of limestone quarrying?
Found naturally so easy to extract ## Footnote Limestone is readily available and does not require extensive processing.
33
How does local stone benefit older houses?
Local stone fits in with older houses ## Footnote Using local materials helps maintain the aesthetic integrity of historical architecture.
34
What infrastructure improvement is associated with limestone quarrying?
Better roads will be built ## Footnote Quarrying operations often necessitate improved transport infrastructure.
35
What economic benefit does limestone quarrying provide?
Jobs ## Footnote Quarrying creates employment opportunities in local communities.
36
What is one disadvantage of limestone quarrying?
Quarries destroy the landscape and wildlife habitat ## Footnote The extraction process can lead to significant environmental degradation.
37
What is a consequence of increased traffic from limestone quarrying?
Increased traffic ## Footnote Heavy vehicle movement can lead to congestion and road safety issues.
38
What type of health problems can arise from limestone quarrying?
Health problems caused by dust ## Footnote Dust from quarrying operations can lead to respiratory issues for nearby residents.
39
How does limestone quarrying affect tourism?
Fewer tourists ## Footnote Environmental degradation and noise may deter visitors from the area.
40
What is an exothermic reaction?
Exothermic reactions transfer energy to the surroundings ## Footnote These reactions release heat, causing the temperature of the surroundings to rise.
41
What happens to temperature during an exothermic reaction?
Temperature increases as heat energy is given out ## Footnote This is a characteristic feature of exothermic processes.
42
Give an example of an exothermic reaction.
Combustion, neutralisation ## Footnote Both processes release heat energy.
43
What is an endothermic reaction?
Reactions that take in energy from the surroundings ## Footnote These reactions absorb heat, leading to a decrease in temperature.
44
What happens to temperature during an endothermic reaction?
Temperature decreases as heat energy is taken in ## Footnote This cooling effect is a defining trait of endothermic reactions.
45
Give an example of an endothermic reaction.
Thermal decomposition, photosynthesis ## Footnote Both processes require energy input, typically in the form of heat or light.
46
What is the pH of limewater?
Around 12.4

Chemistry 303 (Yr 10) (6 decks)

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