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Zoey NUR 111 Unit 2 > Zoey Unit 2 Powerpoint Lecture 1 Respiratory System > Flashcards

Zoey Unit 2 Powerpoint Lecture 1 Respiratory System Flashcards

1
Q

Inspiration VS Expiration

A 
Inspiration= air into the lungs
Expiration= air to leave the lungs
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2
Q

where can you put a Pulse OX? (4)

A
  1. ear
  2. finger
  3. toes
  4. bridge of nose
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3
Q

Is SPO2 part of the vital signs?

A

yes

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4
Q

how do you Perform an Allen test?

A

Clench fist then you look for ulnar & Radial artery. You are looking for ulnar circulation

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5
Q

what is PaO2?

A

partial pressure of oxygen in arterial blood

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6
Q

what is SaO2?

A

arterial saturation

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7
Q

Pulse OX =

A

SPO2

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8
Q

what controls respration?

A

chemoreceptors

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9
Q

what do chemoreceptors respond to?

A

changes in the PaCO2 and PH

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10
Q

where are central chemoreceptors located?

A

medulla

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11
Q

where are peripheral chemoreceptors located?

A

aortic arch in the heart

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12
Q

where are mechanical receptors located? how are they stimulated?

A

lungs. stimulated by stretching. prevents the lungs from being over destentited.

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13
Q

what are the defence mechanisms in the lungs? (6)

A
  1. nasal hair- filter inhaled air
  2. mucus- always is being secreted by the goblet cells
  3. celia- works with mucus. moves mucus up and out.
  4. coughing
  5. alveolar macrophages
  6. reflex bronchoconstriction
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14
Q

where are alveolar macrophages located?

A

at alveoli level.

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15
Q

what is the assessment of the trachea

A

check for alignment. it has to be midline and non tender

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16
Q

where do you percuss the lungs?

A

between the ribs. not on bony prominence.

17
Q

what is a normal sound that is heard over lung tissue called?

A

resonance

18
Q

why do you osculate?

A

identify obstruction in respiratory system ( no crackeling sound)

19
Q

what techniques are used in physical assessment? in what order do you perform an assessment?

A
  1. inspection
  2. palpation- check for alignment
  3. percussion- check for sound; listening for resonance over lung tissue is normal
  4. auscultation
20
Q

what is subjective data?

A

important health information such as

  1. past health information
  2. medication
  3. surgery or other treatments
21
Q

what is a sign of cyenosis?

A

clubbing of the nails

22
Q

what is objective data?

A

Physical Examination such as

  1. nose
  2. mouth and pharynx
  3. neck
  4. thorx and lungs
    * inspection
    * palpation
    * percussion
    * auscultation
23
Q

what are the diagnostic studies of the respiratory system

A
  1. ARTERIAL BLOOD GASES
  2. pulse oximetry
  3. campnography
  4. campnometry
  5. SPUTUM STUDIES
  6. PULMONARY FUNCTION TEST
  7. BRONCHOSOPY
  8. thoracentesis
  9. lung biopsy
24
Q

what does the DS of ABG do?

A

determine oxygen status

25
Q

what does the DS of pulse oximetry do?

A

utilises wavelenghts of light to mesure saturation of hemoglobin with oxygen.

26
Q

what does the DS of canography do?

A

monitors Pco2 in airway when tracing

27
Q

what does the DS of capnometry do?

A

looking at your Co2 levels. one time reading (mesures CO2 exhales without continuous tracing)

28
Q

what is kussmaul’s breathing?what causes it? what is it associated with?

A

a deep, rapid breathing pattern. causes a labored, deeper breathing rate. metabolic acidosis.

29
Q

what does the DS of Sputum studies do?

A

it looks for bacteria; spontaneous; induced

30
Q

what does the DS of a chest x-ray do?

A

identify luns, heart, and pleural space problems

31
Q

what does the DS of pulmonary function test do?

A

asses respiration distress; evaluates lung function and volume.

32
Q

what does the DS of Bronchoscopy do?

A

begin this test maintain NPO 8 hrs before the test. mild sedation. allows for direct visualization of the respiratory tract down to the level of the second bronchi.

33
Q

what does the DS of Thoracenteses do?

A

needle that is inserted into the pleural space to remove a specimen of excess fluid/air

34
Q

what does the DS of lung biopsy do?

A

small pice of tissue removed and analyzed under a microscope

35
Q

what is a complication of thoracenteses?

A

nemothorax- punctureing the lungs

36
Q

name age related changes.

A
  1. more calcifiation of the coastal cartliges
  2. respitory changes decline
  3. less forceful caough

Zoey NUR 111 Unit 2 (14 decks)

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