Zoey Unit 2 Powerpoint Lecture 1 Respiratory System

Question 1

Inspiration VS Expiration

Answer 1

Inspiration= air into the lungs
Expiration= air to leave the lungs

Question 2

where can you put a Pulse OX? (4)

Answer 2

1. ear
2. finger
3. toes
4. bridge of nose

Question 3

Is SPO2 part of the vital signs?

Answer 3

yes

Question 4

how do you Perform an Allen test?

Answer 4

Clench fist then you look for ulnar & Radial artery. You are looking for ulnar circulation

Question 5

what is PaO2?

Answer 5

partial pressure of oxygen in arterial blood

Question 6

what is SaO2?

Answer 6

arterial saturation

Question 7

Pulse OX =

Answer 7

SPO2

Question 8

what controls respration?

Answer 8

chemoreceptors

Question 9

what do chemoreceptors respond to?

Answer 9

changes in the PaCO2 and PH

Question 10

where are central chemoreceptors located?

Answer 10

medulla

Question 11

where are peripheral chemoreceptors located?

Answer 11

aortic arch in the heart

Question 12

where are mechanical receptors located? how are they stimulated?

Answer 12

lungs. stimulated by stretching. prevents the lungs from being over destentited.

Question 13

what are the defence mechanisms in the lungs? (6)

Answer 13

1. nasal hair- filter inhaled air
2. mucus- always is being secreted by the goblet cells
3. celia- works with mucus. moves mucus up and out.
4. coughing
5. alveolar macrophages
6. reflex bronchoconstriction

Question 14

where are alveolar macrophages located?

Answer 14

at alveoli level.

Question 15

what is the assessment of the trachea

Answer 15

check for alignment. it has to be midline and non tender

Question 16

where do you percuss the lungs?

Answer 16

between the ribs. not on bony prominence.

Question 17

what is a normal sound that is heard over lung tissue called?

Answer 17

resonance

Question 18

why do you osculate?

Answer 18

identify obstruction in respiratory system ( no crackeling sound)

Question 19

what techniques are used in physical assessment? in what order do you perform an assessment?

Answer 19

1. inspection
2. palpation- check for alignment
3. percussion- check for sound; listening for resonance over lung tissue is normal
4. auscultation

Question 20

what is subjective data?

Answer 20

important health information such as

1. past health information
2. medication
3. surgery or other treatments

Question 21

what is a sign of cyenosis?

Answer 21

clubbing of the nails

Question 22

what is objective data?

Answer 22

Physical Examination such as

1. nose
2. mouth and pharynx
3. neck
4. thorx and lungs
   * inspection
   * palpation
   * percussion
   * auscultation

Question 23

what are the diagnostic studies of the respiratory system

Answer 23

1. ARTERIAL BLOOD GASES
2. pulse oximetry
3. campnography
4. campnometry
5. SPUTUM STUDIES
6. PULMONARY FUNCTION TEST
7. BRONCHOSOPY
8. thoracentesis
9. lung biopsy

Question 24

what does the DS of ABG do?

Answer 24

determine oxygen status

Question 25

what does the DS of pulse oximetry do?

Answer 25

utilises wavelenghts of light to mesure saturation of hemoglobin with oxygen.

Question 26

what does the DS of canography do?

Answer 26

monitors Pco2 in airway when tracing

Question 27

what does the DS of capnometry do?

Answer 27

looking at your Co2 levels. one time reading (mesures CO2 exhales without continuous tracing)

Question 28

what is kussmaul's breathing?what causes it? what is it associated with?

Answer 28

a deep, rapid breathing pattern. causes a labored, deeper breathing rate. metabolic acidosis.

Question 29

what does the DS of Sputum studies do?

Answer 29

it looks for bacteria; spontaneous; induced

Question 30

what does the DS of a chest x-ray do?

Answer 30

identify luns, heart, and pleural space problems

Question 31

what does the DS of pulmonary function test do?

Answer 31

asses respiration distress; evaluates lung function and volume.

Question 32

what does the DS of Bronchoscopy do?

Answer 32

begin this test maintain NPO 8 hrs before the test. mild sedation. allows for direct visualization of the respiratory tract down to the level of the second bronchi.

Question 33

what does the DS of Thoracenteses do?

Answer 33

needle that is inserted into the pleural space to remove a specimen of excess fluid/air

Question 34

what does the DS of lung biopsy do?

Answer 34

small pice of tissue removed and analyzed under a microscope

Question 35

what is a complication of thoracenteses?

Answer 35

nemothorax- punctureing the lungs

Question 36

name age related changes.

Answer 36

1. more calcifiation of the coastal cartliges 2. respitory changes decline 3. less forceful caough