Flashcards in Zoology Deck (18)
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1
Carnivora
~ order
~ carnivores e.g. cats, dogs, lions
~ distinctive skull structure
~ mostly meat eaters, some herbivores
2
Perissodactyla
~ order
~ odd-toed ungulate e.g. rhino, tapir, horse
~ herbivores w/ specialised digestion
~ hoofed mammals
~ walk on tiptoe
3
Artiodactlya
~ order
~ eye-toed ungulate e.g. hippos, deer, antelopes, cattle
~ herbivores w/ specialised digestion
~ hoofed mammals
~ walk on tiptoe
4
Monogamy
~ 1 male + 1 female
~ tends to occur in hunting species (male cares for offspring)
5
Polygamy
multiple mating
6
Polyandry
1 female + multiple males
7
Polygyny
1 male + multiple females
8
Name the 3 types of polygyny.
~ female defence polygyny
~ resource defence polygyny
~ scramble competition polygyny
9
Polygynandrous
multiple males + multiple females
10
Name the important influences for social systems.
~ diet, habitat + density
~ predation pressure
~ social foraging/hunting
~ thermoregulatory benefits
~ breeding constraints
11
Name the important influences for mating systems.
~ gestation + lactation (length for females)
~ diet, habitat + density
12
Solitary life
good option if territories/resources are easily defended
13
Semi-solitary
many mammals form temporary groups under certain conditions
e.g. reproduction, protection, warmth
14
Sociality
~ mammals live in groups al year round
~ often w/ limited cooperation
~ some social behaviours
~ individuals breed independently
15
Communal breeding
~ stable group
~ cooperation is advantageous
~ offspring care is shared
16
Cooperative breeding
~ non-breeders benefit from helping e.g. there is breeding constraints (food)
~ rare in mammals
~ restricted to carnivores, primates + rodents
~ reproductive suppression - only 1 female breeds
17
Eusociality
non-breeding females are sterile
~ breeding females (queens) + worker specialisation
~ only 2 spp.
e.g. naked mole rat
18
