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a level biology

This class was created by Brainscape user Mohammad Akhtar. Visit their profile to learn more about the creator.

By: Mohammad Akhtar
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Decks in this class (160)

Macromolecules
What is a monomer,
What is a polymer,
What is the monomer for carbohydr...
15  cards
Macromolecule Reactions
Why are lipids not considered to ...,
What do condensation reactions do,
What happens in a condensation re...
7  cards
Monosaccharides And Disaccharides
What are the 3 groups of carbohyd...,
What is a monosaccharide,
What is a disaccharide
21  cards
Reducing Vs Non Reducing Sugars
Some sugars are referred to as re...,
What are all monosaccharides lact...,
What type of sugar is sucrose dis...
20  cards
Lipids
What are the two types of lipids,
What is in the tryglyceride struc...,
What is in the phospholipid struc...
15  cards
Enzymes
What does the substrate do if the...,
What does the induced fit model say,
What is it called if the active s...
17  cards
Protein
How many amino acids exist,
What is a polypeptide,
What is the primary structure of ...
11  cards
Structure Of DNA And RNA
What are ribosomes formed from,
What are both dna and rna polymer...,
What is each nucleotide formed from
34  cards
ATP
What does atp stand for,
What type of molecule is adenosin...,
How is atp made
21  cards
ATP 2
What does atp become when it lose...,
Why does atp hydrolyse in the fir...,
When atp is hydrolysed what does ...
7  cards
Water
Water is a polar molecule what do...,
Water has a relatively large late...,
Water is polar how does this affe...
17  cards
Eukaryotic Cell Structure
What is the cell wall,
Centrioles,
What is a chloroplast
17  cards
Prokaryotes and viruses
How is mitochondria adapted to it...,
How is the chloroplast adapted to...,
How is the nucleus adapted to its...
31  cards
Eukaryotic,Prokaryotic,And Akaryotic
Out of animal plant and bacteria ...,
Out of animal plant and bacteria ...,
Out of animal plant and bacteria ...
10  cards
Prokaryotic And Virus Structure
What is acellular,
What is attachment protein,
What is a bacteria
11  cards
Studying Cells
What is an artefact,
What is a buffer,
What is centrifugation
12  cards
Cell Fractionation
What is cell fractionation,
What is the first step of cell fr...,
What is the second step of cell f...
11  cards
Inorganic Ions
What are ions,
How are ions formed,
Are inorganic ions usually found ...
15  cards
Roles Of Water
Why is water a good solvent,
Why is water playing a big part i...,
Why is it crucial bodies of water...
9  cards
Water Alevel Book
What is a metabolic reaction,
What is a metabolite,
Where do most metabolic reactions...
31  cards
DNA And RNA Alevel Book
What is dna used for,
What is rna used for,
What is a nucleotide made from
24  cards
Enzyme Action
What do enzymes catalyse,
Can enzymes affect structures in ...,
What is an example of a structure...
25  cards
DNA Replication Alevel Book
What type of replication is dna r...,
What is semi conservative replica...,
What does semiconservative replic...
20  cards
Factors Affecting Enzyme Reaction
What are the factors of enzyme re...,
What happens in an enzyme control...,
What does more heat mean
26  cards
ATP AND ADP
In atp are the bonds between the ...,
What happens when the terminal bo...,
What does atp hydrolase catalyse
6  cards
Enzymes In Detail
How do the enzymes lower the acti...,
What are all the factors that can...,
How can temperature effect enzymes
6  cards
The cell Cycle
What occurs in the g1 phase of th...,
What occurs in the synstheis phase,
What occurs in the g2 phase
6  cards
mitosis
Prophase,
Metaphase,
Anaphase
17  cards
cell cycle and mitosis
What does the cell cycle consist of,
What else does the cell do in int...,
What are the three stages of inte...
16  cards
mitosis
What are the two types of cell di...,
Why is mitosis needed,
In mitosis what does a parent cel...
18  cards
Root Tip Squash Experiment
What are the first three steps of...,
What are the second three steps o...
2  cards
Cell Membrane Structure
What do cell membranes do,
How do substances travel across t...,
What proteins are scattered throu...
18  cards
Exchange Across Cell Membranes - Diffusion
What is diffusion,
What ways will molecules diffuse,
When will diffusion stop occuring
20  cards
What Is Osmosis
What is osmosis,
What is water potential,
What solution has the highest wat...
7  cards
Diffusion And Osmosis
What is the concentration gradient,
What is diffusion,
What is facilitated diffusion
18  cards
Immune System And Response
What are antigens,
Where are antigens often found,
What is a phagocyte
19  cards
Immune System And Response PT.2
What are b cells,
What are b cells covered in,
Why do different b cells have to ...
16  cards
Immune System And Response PT.3
What is active immunity,
What is an allergen,
What is an antibody
27  cards
Bio
What s the difference between fac...,
Monoonal antibodies def,
What is an antigen
7  cards
Fish Respiratory System
What characteristics do bony fish...,
What are the basic steps of bony ...,
Where are gills located
13  cards
Plant Repiratory System
What are all of the organelles in...,
What are all the leaves adaptations,
What is a xero phyte
13  cards
human gas exchange system (ventilation)
What are all of the parts of the ...,
Where is the site of gas exchange,
Where does oxygen diffuse out of ...
20  cards
expiration
What type of process is expiration,
What happens to the diaphragm in ...,
What happens to external intercos...
9  cards
osmosis innit
What s an example of a partially ...,
What is osmosis,
What is it exactly that applies p...
11  cards
mRNA,tRNA,rRNA
What is mrna and what does it sta...,
Where is mrna created,
What happens in the nucleus after...
11  cards
reducing sugars
What is a reducing sugar,
Are mono saccharides reducing or ...,
What are soe examples of disaccha...
16  cards
non-reducing sugars
How do you test for non reducing ...,
What do we do instead of directly...,
Because all monosaccharieds are r...
13  cards
Reducing And Non Reducing Sugars
What type of carbohydrates are mo...,
What are polysaccharides made of,
What are polysaccharides linked t...
19  cards
digestion and absorption
During digestion what happens to ...,
What are digestive enzymes produc...,
Why are different enzymes needed
23  cards
Haemoglobin
What is a haemoglobin,
What is an oxyhaemoglobin,
What is associating
18  cards
Mass flow
How are substances moved over sho...,
How are substances trasported ove...,
In mass flow a fluid moves in a p...
19  cards
structures of the heart
What are all the external structu...,
What are all the internal structu...,
What is the aortas function
13  cards
Contraction And Relaxation Of The Heart
What does the cardiac cycle maintain,
What is systole,
What is diastole
28  cards
Cardiovascular Diseases
What are diseases associated with...,
What do most cardiovascular disea...,
What is an atheroma
12  cards
Increasing And Decreasing
What do saturated fats increase,
What does smoking increase,
What does alchahol abuse increase
10  cards
Blood Vessels Structure
What is the artery wall structure,
What is the artery endothelium st...,
What is the artery lumen structur...
36  cards
tissue fluid formation
What happens in ultra filtration,
What remains in the capillaries i...,
What happens in exchange of subst...
20  cards
mass transpoort in plants
What are all the parts of the leaf,
How is water absorbed,
What happens when the water reach...
19  cards
mass transport in plants experiments
What is the first step of the rin...,
What is the second step of the tr...,
What is the third step of the tra...
7  cards
factors affecting the rate of transpiration
How does temperature affect the r...,
How does humidity affect rate of ...,
How doe air movement affect rate ...
20  cards
DNA within cells
Prokaryotic,
Eukaryotic cells,
Gene
12  cards
xylem
What adaptations does the xylem have,
What are pits,
What do xylem cell walls consist of
17  cards
translocation in the phloem
Plants transport the organic prod...,
Where are the products of photosy...,
Are phloem cells dead
17  cards
digestion and absorbtion
Large biological molecule eg star...,
During digestion large molecules ...,
What can these smaller broken dow...
25  cards
digestion and absorption 2
What are lipids broken down by,
What aids in lipid break down,
What do lipases do
32  cards
tissue fluid reabsorption
What remains in the capillaries a...,
What is created if only large mol...,
What is lowered towards the venul...
7  cards
potometre calculation
What is the potometre calculation
1  cards
counter current in full
Explain the counter current system
1  cards
TOPIC 4
0  cards
DNA, Genes, and chromosomes
What type of dna molecules does e...,
Where are chromosomes found,
What must happen to the dna molec...
15  cards
DNA , Genes and chromosomes the sequel
In eukaryotic dna genes that do c...,
Sections of dna that do not code ...,
What are all the bits of a gene t...
12  cards
RNA and protein synthesis
What type of strand is rna,
What base does uracil pair with i...,
When is mrna made and what is its...
13  cards
Transcription
When does transcription start,
In eukaryotes what happens to the...,
What happens after some of the ba...
9  cards
translation
In eukaryotes what is copied into...,
Is pre mrna,
What happens in splicing
15  cards
The Genetic Code and Nucleic Acid
What is the genetic code,
In the genetic code how is each t...,
In the genetic code how many amin...
8  cards
amino acid translation
What does the mrna codon gcg tran...,
What does the mrna codon gca tran...,
What does the mrna codon gcg tran...
7  cards
meiosis and genetic variation
What are gametes,
What diploid number do normal bod...,
What number of chromosomes do gam...
13  cards
meiosis and genetic variation 2
During meiosis 1 what do homologo...,
What are the two main events duri...,
Are cells produced in meiosis gen...
8  cards
independant segregation of chromosomes
Step 1,
Step 2,
Step 3
5  cards
mitosis and genetic variation 3
What are chromosome mutations cau...,
In humans what is the product whe...,
But sometimes meiosis goes wrong ...
16  cards
Mutations
What do gene mutations involve,
What are the types of errors than...,
What occurs in substitution
11  cards
heart revamped
0  cards
genetic diversity and natural selection
What does lots of different allel...,
What are alleles,
How is genetic diversity within a...
10  cards
classification of organisms
What is the binomial system,
What is classification,
Courtship behaviour
22  cards
investigating selection
What do different types of natura...,
What is an example of directional...,
What is directional resistance
8  cards
DNA technology or classification and diveristy
What have advances in genome sequ...,
What will closely related species...,
What are the three techniques tha...
15  cards
Investigating Variation
What can variation be caused by,
What is variation,
What can variation be caused by
13  cards
Biodiversity
What is biodiversity,
What is habitat,
What is a community
14  cards
TEZT END OF YEAR 1
What does the elisa test stand for,
What is the elisa test,
What is the first step of the eli...
7  cards
YEAR 2
0  cards
YEAR 2
0  cards
Year 2
0  cards
Photosynthesis, Respiration and ATP
What are examples of things plant...,
What are examples of things anima...,
In what form does photosynthesis ...
20  cards
photosynthesis, respiration and ATP pt.2
What does atp do to minimise ener...,
How can atp be easily transported...,
What can atp do as a result of is...
27  cards
photosynthesis year 2
What are chloroplasts,
What are thylakoids,
What are photosynthetic pigments
23  cards
Photosynthesis Year 2 PT.2
What does non cyclic phosphorylat...,
Where are photosystems in the thy...,
What are electron carriers
15  cards
PHOTOSYNTHESIS Y2 PT.3
What is the ldr also known as,
Where does the calvin cycle take ...,
What does the calvin cycle make
20  cards
Calvin cycle forming a hexose
Why must the calvin cycle turn si...
1  cards
limiting factors in photosynthesis
What are all the optimum conditio...,
How does high light intensity of ...,
Why do plants look green
8  cards
photosynthesis reactions
What do all plants contain severa...,
In addition to photosynthetic pig...,
What can you use thin layer chrom...
8  cards
Comparing Pigments Practical
What can is used to compare pigme...,
What is the first step to the com...,
What s the second step to the com...
9  cards
Comparing Pigments Practical
0  cards
Comparing Pigments Practical
0  cards
Comparing Pigments Practical
0  cards
Investigating The Activity Of Dehydrogenase In Chloroplasts
In photosystem 1 during the light...,
How can the activity of a dehydro...,
How can you measure the rate of t...
5  cards
Investigating Activity Of Dehydrogenase Practical
First step of investigating activ...,
Second step of investigating acti...,
Third step of investigating activ...
12  cards
Respiration
What are the two types of respira...,
What do both types of respiration...,
What do both respirations start with
15  cards
aerobic respiration
What does the link reaction do,
What are all the steps to the lin...,
What are all four components to a...
11  cards
aerobic respiration pt.2 the squeaquel
What are some products of the kre...,
In the krebs cycle where does 1 c...,
In the krebs cycle where does oxa...
18  cards
aerobic respiration 3
What does oxidative phosphorylati...,
What can atp production be affect...,
How does mitochondrial diseases a...
12  cards
respiration experiments
What type of organisms can you in...,
What is an example of a single ce...,
What is one way to measure c02
17  cards
respiration experiments 2
How can the rate of oxygen consum...,
What can respirometers be used to...,
What is step 1 to the respiromete...
12  cards
energy transfers in eco systems
What produces biomass,
What does an ecosystem include,
What are producers
22  cards
energy transfers in eco systems pt.2
What do consumers also store,
How do consumers get energy,
Not all the chemical energy store...
9  cards
farming practices and production
What do food chains and food webs...,
What do food chains show,
What do food webs show
12  cards
farming practices and production pt.2
What does reducing respiratory lo...,
What is one way farmers increase ...,
What are two examples of conditio...
5  cards
nutrient cycles
What do fungi and bacteria have a...,
What is a natural ecosystem,
What are saprobionts
18  cards
nutrient cycles the sequel
Phosphorus is passed through the ...,
What do plants and animals need p...,
Where is phosphorus found
12  cards
fertilisers and eutrophication
What is lost when crops are harve...,
What do crops take in form the soil,
When crops are harvested what hap...
22  cards
nervous communication
How do animals as well as plants ...,
What else do animals and plants r...,
What is a stimulus
20  cards
nervous communication the squeaquel
What are reflexes,
Why do reflexes happen so fast,
What do simple reflexes help
9  cards
responses in plants and animals
How do plants increase their chan...,
What is tropism,
How do plants respond to stimuli
18  cards
responses in plants and animals pt.2
What do simple responses do,
What are the two simple responses,
What happens in tactic responses
16  cards
receptors
Receptors are specific what does ...,
There are many different types of...,
What type of receptor is a photor...
26  cards
receptors, again
What do photoreceptors do,
What is step 1 of converting ligh...,
What is step 2 of converting ligh...
16  cards
control of heart rate
What controls the regular beating...,
The cardiac muscle is myogenic wh...,
What is step 1 of controlling the...
34  cards
nerones
What do neurone cell membranes be...,
What happens to the outside of a ...,
What does it mean if the membrane...
25  cards
neurones 2
What are the three factors that a...,
What happens if some neurones are...,
In the peripheral nervous system ...
9  cards
synaptic transmission
What happens when an action poten...,
What is a synapse,
What is a synaptic cleft
23  cards
synaptic transmission 2
What can neuro transmitters be,
What are excitatory neurotransmit...,
What are inhibitory neurotransmit...
16  cards
MUSCLE CONTRACTIONS
What pairs do muscles act in,
What is the skeletal muscle,
What are skeletal muscles attache...
16  cards
muscle contractions 2
What is a network of internal mem...,
What does the sarcoplasmic reticu...,
What do muscle fibres contain alo...
26  cards
GENES - Inheritance
What is a gene,
What is an allele,
What is a genotype
19  cards
GENES - INHERITANCE pt.2
What is codominance and what is a...,
What are people who are homozygou...,
What are people who are homozygou...
17  cards
genetics,populations, evolution and ecosystems
Species,
Population,
Ecosystem
8  cards
investigating populations
How can the size of a population ...,
What are the three sampling techn...,
What are all the steps to mark re...
15  cards
Succession
How does succession occur,
What are the two types of succession,
What are the characteristics of p...
8  cards
speciation and genetic drift
How does speciation occur,
What are the characteristics of a...,
What is seasonal isolation
14  cards
inheritance and monohybrid
0  cards
linkage and unlinkage
What is an autosome,
What can gene linkage lead to,
What type of combination can each...
8  cards
Epistasis and inheritance
What is epistasis,
What is a genotype,
What 3 relationships between gene...
6  cards
TOPIC 7 + TOPIC 4 EXAM QUESTIONS
In cats males are xy and females ...,
The scientists wanted to know on ...,
A scientist investigated linkage ...
11  cards
biology class
What is a sugars classification o...,
What can reducing sugars do,
What are examples of reducing sugars
8  cards
Bio Tutor Prep
What is adsorbtion,
What is the rf value,
Key word for substrates affecting...
13  cards
practical 9
Practical nine,
Practical nine
2  cards
where does energy transfer occur
Where does the light dependant re...,
Where does the light independant ...,
Where does glycolysis occur
5  cards
the heart pt.5
Why is the left ventricle thicker...,
Why are ventricles in general thi...,
What is the av valves job
4  cards
all molecule tests
Benedicts,
Iodine,
Emulsion
5  cards
Blood Water Potential Control
Ultra filtration,
How is proximal convoluted tube a...,
How does loop of henley provide o...
5  cards
using genome projects
Laurel st tottington bury bl8 3ly,
What is genome sequencing,
What is the proteome
6  cards
gene technologies
What is meant by recombinant tech...,
Why does recombinant dna technolo...,
Summarise the process of using re...
20  cards
Dna Fragmentation
How are transcriptase enzymes use...,
How can genes be isolated and rem...,
Gene machine in synthesising gene...
10  cards
The Nature And Extent Of POVERTY
0  cards
TOPIC 3 exam questions
Describe and explain the mechanis...,
Describe and explain the advantag...,
Use your knowledge of gas exchang...
23  cards
topic 4 exam questions
Describe how a gene is a code for...,
The nucleus and a chloroplast of ...,
Not all mutations in the nucleoti...
21  cards
TOPIC 2 EXAM QUESTIONS
Eukaryotic cells produce and rele...,
Describe how you could make a tem...,
1 add drop of water to glass slid...
17  cards
TOPIC 1 EXAM QUESTIONS
The general structure of a fatty ...,
Describe how a triglyceride molec...,
Describe how an ester bond is for...
7  cards
TOPIC 5 EXAM QUESTIONS
In photosynthesis which chemicals...,
Describe what happens during phot...,
Describe the method the student u...
24  cards
TOPIC 6 EXAM QUESTIONS
Exercise causes an increase in he...,
When the heart beats both ventric...,
The fovea of the eye of an eagle ...
44  cards
TOPIC 8 EXAM QUESTIONS
Explain how a single base substit...,
Describe how alterations to tumou...,
Explain how increased methylation...
23  cards

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