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Question 1

What are alpha-2 adrenergic agonists primarily used for?

Answer 1

They are primarily used for sedation, analgesia, and as antihypertensives.

Question 2

True or False: Alpha-2 drugs decrease norepinephrine release.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Name one common alpha-2 adrenergic agonist used in clinical practice.

Answer 3

Clonidine

Question 4

Fill in the blank: Alpha-2 adrenergic agonists act on the _____ receptors.

Answer 4

alpha-2

Question 5

What effect do alpha-2 agonists have on blood pressure?

Answer 5

They typically lower blood pressure.

Question 6

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is an indication for the use of alpha-2 agonists? A) Hypertension B) Hyperglycemia C) Hypotension D) Hyperkalemia

Answer 6

A) Hypertension

Question 7

Short Answer: How do alpha-2 drugs affect sedation levels?

Answer 7

They increase sedation levels.

Question 8

True or False: Alpha-2 agonists can be used to treat opioid withdrawal symptoms.

Answer 8

True

Question 9

What is the mechanism of action of alpha-2 agonists?

Answer 9

They activate alpha-2 adrenergic receptors, inhibiting norepinephrine release.

Question 10

Fill in the blank: The primary side effect of alpha-2 agonists is _____.

Answer 10

sedation

Question 11

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a side effect of alpha-2 adrenergic agonists? A) Increased heart rate B) Drowsiness C) Hypertension D) Increased anxiety

Answer 11

B) Drowsiness

Question 12

What is the role of alpha-2 adrenergic receptors in the central nervous system?

Answer 12

They modulate neurotransmitter release and reduce sympathetic outflow.

Question 13

True or False: Alpha-2 agonists can cause rebound hypertension if discontinued abruptly.

Answer 13

True

Question 14

Name two clinical applications of alpha-2 agonists.

Answer 14

Sedation and management of hypertension.

Question 15

What is the effect of clonidine on heart rate?

Answer 15

It generally causes a decrease in heart rate.

Question 16

Fill in the blank: Alpha-2 agonists can be administered via _____ route in addition to oral.

Answer 16

transdermal

Question 17

Multiple Choice: Which condition is NOT typically treated with alpha-2 agonists? A) ADHD B) Anxiety disorders C) Glaucoma D) Asthma

Answer 17

D) Asthma

Question 18

Short Answer: How does dexmedetomidine differ from clonidine?

Answer 18

Dexmedetomidine is more selective for alpha-2 receptors and is used primarily for sedation.

Question 19

True or False: Alpha-2 agonists can have analgesic properties.

Answer 19

True

Question 20

What is the significance of alpha-2 adrenergic receptors in pain modulation?

Answer 20

They help reduce pain perception through central mechanisms.

Question 21

Fill in the blank: The prototype drug of alpha-2 agonists is _____ .

Answer 21

Clonidine

Question 22

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a contraindication for alpha-2 agonists? A) Chronic pain B) Severe coronary insufficiency C) Hypertension D) Anxiety

Answer 22

B) Severe coronary insufficiency

Question 23

Short Answer: What is one potential drug interaction with alpha-2 agonists?

Answer 23

Interactions with other sedatives or antihypertensives.

Question 24

True or False: Alpha-2 agonists can cause dry mouth as a side effect.

Answer 24

True

Question 25

What is the role of alpha-2 agonists in anesthesia?

Answer 25

They provide sedation and analgesia as adjuncts to general anesthesia.

Question 26

Fill in the blank: The use of alpha-2 agonists can lead to _____ if stopped suddenly.

Answer 26

rebound hypertension

Question 27

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT a common side effect of alpha-2 agonists? A) Sedation B) Bradycardia C) Hypertension D) Dry mouth

Answer 27

C) Hypertension

Question 28

Short Answer: What is a common method of administration for clonidine?

Answer 28

Oral tablets or transdermal patches.

Question 29

True or False: Alpha-2 agonists are primarily agonists at alpha-1 receptors.

Answer 29

False

Question 30

What is the effect of alpha-2 agonists on sympathetic nervous system activity?

Answer 30

They inhibit sympathetic nervous system activity.

Question 31

Fill in the blank: Alpha-2 agonists are often used in the management of _____ pain.

Answer 31

chronic

Question 32

Multiple Choice: Which drug is used for sedation in intensive care units? A) Clonidine B) Dexmedetomidine C) Phenylephrine D) Epinephrine

Answer 32

B) Dexmedetomidine

Question 33

Short Answer: What is the typical duration of action for clonidine?

Answer 33

Approximately 8-12 hours.

Question 34

True or False: Alpha-2 agonists can be used to manage ADHD symptoms.

Answer 34

True

Question 35

What is a key pharmacological characteristic of alpha-2 adrenergic agonists?

Answer 35

They are centrally acting agents.

Question 36

Fill in the blank: The alpha-2 adrenergic agonists can lead to _____ sedation.

Answer 36

profound

Question 37

Multiple Choice: Which alpha-2 agonist is used for the treatment of opioid withdrawal? A) Clonidine B) Fentanyl C) Morphine D) Buprenorphine

Answer 37

A) Clonidine

Question 38

Short Answer: Why are alpha-2 agonists considered safe for use in children?

Answer 38

They have a favorable side effect profile when used appropriately.