0-1 a Chapter 3 Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in 0-1 a Chapter 3 Deck (33)
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1
Q

judicial reprieve

A

permitted judges to suspend judgment until offenders could seek a pardon or gather new evidence

2
Q

recognizance

A

permitted offender to remain free if they promised to pay their debts to the state

3
Q

sureties

A

individuals who would agree to make themselves responsible for offenders who had been released from custody

4
Q

reintegrative philosophy

A

a correctional approach aimed at returning offenders to the community as soon as possible

5
Q

community corrections act

A

CCA
state based acts through which local governments that participate receive subsidies for diverting minor offenders from state prisons

6
Q

true diversion

A

a diversion program where the offender has his/her criminal prosecution dropped upon successful completion of this program

7
Q

minimization of system penetration

A

a diversion whose purpose is to minimize the offender’s contact with the justice process as much as possible

8
Q

deferred prosecution programs

A

those referred to these programs benefit from having their charges dropped upon the successful completion

9
Q

Treatment alternatives to street crime

A

TASC

treatment program designed to divert minor drug abusers away from the criminal justice system

10
Q

probation

A

a form of punishment that permits a convicted offender to remain in the community under the supervision of a probation officer and subject to certain conditions set by the court

11
Q

financial restitution

A

payment of a sum of money by an offender either to the victim or to a public fund for victims of a crime

12
Q

community service

A

requires an offender to perform a certain number of work hours at a private nonprofit or government agency

13
Q

risk management system

A

a correctional system that is focused more on regulating and controlling offenders than on providing treatment or services for them

14
Q

new penology

A

a new approach in probation and other community based corrections that focuses more on administrative control and regulation than on treatment and offering services

15
Q

presentence investigation

A

an investigation whose main purposes are to help the court decide whether or not to grant probation, to determine the conditions of probation, to determine the length of sentence, and to decide on community based or institutional placement for the defendant

16
Q

revocation of probation

A

a violation of the rules or terms of probation or the commitment of a new crime, which may result in the offender being placed in an institution

17
Q

technical violation

A

a probationer violates one of the rules of probation, such as looking for a job

18
Q

deffered sentence

A

a sentence that delays conviction on a guilty plea until the sentenced offender has successfully served his or her term of probation

19
Q

shock probation

A

the offender, his or her attorney, or the sentencing judge can submit a motion to suspend the remainder of the sentence after a felon has served a period of time in prison

20
Q

bench, or unsupervised probation

A

a type of probation in which probationers are not subject to supervision

21
Q

split sentence

A

a sentence requiring an offender to spend a period of time in jail before being placed on probation in the community

22
Q

intensive probation

A

supervision that is far stricter than standard probationary supervision

23
Q

CCA implementation in states

A

25 passed CCA and established programs

24
Q

main types of diversion programs

A

deferred prosecution
deferred judgment
TASC

25
Q

advantages and disadvantages of diversion programs

A
  • major advantage is avoiding justice system processing

- disadvantage is increasing the number of individuals who may have been ignored by the justice system in the past

26
Q

advantages of being on probation

A

permitted to remain in the community

27
Q

current emphasis of risk assessment models

A

strategies that would better ensure public protection

28
Q

most widely used risk assessment strategies

A
  • combination of probation and incarceration
  • intensive probation
  • electronic monitoring and house arrest
29
Q

various ways probation is administered

A
  • local executive or local judicial
  • state executive
  • state judicial
  • combination
  • federal
30
Q

most effective probation administration

A

combining probation and parole departments

30 states

31
Q

legal rights of probationers

A
  • disclosure of PSI reports
  • civil rights of probationers
  • rights during probation revocation
32
Q

effectiveness of probation

A

adult probation is most widely used correctional option

more effective than other options

33
Q

emerging probation programs

A
  • fees for probation services
  • performance indicators to measure probation effectiveness
  • more attention to drug users