003 - Ethics Flashcards
(19 cards)
What are the three key values that enable decision-makers to evaluate activities with significant ethical dimensions?
Integrity, Honesty, Fairness
These values help in assessing ethical decision-making in various contexts.
Define Integrity in the context of ethics.
An uncompromising adherence to a set or group of values.
What does Honesty refer to in ethical decision-making?
Truthfulness, integrity, and trustworthiness.
What is Fairness in the context of ethics?
The quality of being just, equitable, and impartial.
What are the three fundamental elements that motivate people to be fair according to Ferrell et al. (2015)?
- Equality
- Reciprocity
- Optimisation
Identify the four levels of ethical issues.
- Personal
- Organisational
- National
- International
What does the Personal level of ethical issues involve?
Individual ethical decision-making amid various options and possible outcomes.
At the Organisational level, who is held responsible for decisions made?
The manager making decisions on behalf of the organisation.
Define the National level of ethical issues.
Ethics related to societal expectations about behavior of citizens and organisations.
What is the focus of the International level of ethical issues?
How national level issues interact on a global stage.
What is Consequentialism?
Evaluating the cost and benefits of a decision, judging ethical value by consequences.
What does Deontology emphasize in ethical decision-making?
Ensuring decisions do not violate individual rights and are consistent with accepted principles.
What is the focus of Virtue ethics?
Emphasizing character rather than the calculus of actions or outcomes.
Fill in the blank: To develop responsible decision-making, it is important to integrate the three main ethical approaches—_______.
[rights and duties (deontological ethics), outcomes (consequentialism), and fairness/virtue (virtue ethics)]
What are the three key reasons organisations adopt Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion (DEI) policies?
- The Business Case for Diversity
- The Social Justice Case for Diversity
- The Globalisation Thesis
Define Moral Maturity.
The ability to grasp more intricate ethical issues as individuals develop.
What are the six stages of moral development according to Kohlberg?
- Punishment and obedience
- Fairness to oneself
- Emphasises others rather than themselves
- Right is determined by duty to society
- Concern for upholding basic rights and values
- Rights determined by universal ethical principles
What is the three-factor model provided by Trevino and Nelson (2011)?
It includes moral complexity, individual variables, and situational factors.
According to Ferrell et al. (2015), why is it important to understand influences in decision-making?
To make better decisions by incorporating various influences into the thought process.
