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AQA A LEVEL RELIGIOUS STUDIES > 003 Self, death and Afterlife - Buddhism > Flashcards

003 Self, death and Afterlife - Buddhism Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the Buddhist perspective on rebirth according to Harvey?

A

“it is not pleasant”

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2
Q

Who is reborn?

A

All unenlightened beings

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3
Q

Does the process of life and rebirth have a purpose?

A

No as it was not designed by anyone

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4
Q

What is a sensible purpose of life for Buddhists?

A

A better rebirth

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5
Q

What do most buddhists aim for?

A

A better rebirth

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6
Q

What is an arhat?

A

A being who has reached enlightenment and is no longer reborn

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7
Q

Finish this quote by the Buddha: “I am the teacher …

A

supreme”

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8
Q

What is a bodhisattva

A

someone who sees their own enlightenment as being bound up with the enlightenment of all beings

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9
Q

What is the Bodhisattva vow?

A

“However innumerable sentient beings there are: I vow to save them”

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10
Q

Who can be an arhat according to TBs?

A

A monastic

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11
Q

What did Bhikku Bhodi argue were the buddha’s teaching on the ultimate goal?

A

we should guide others to liberation

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12
Q

What is the parable of the jewel in the robe?

A

we all possess the buddha nature but are unaware

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13
Q

What did Snelling describe Bodhisattvas as?

A

spiritual heros

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14
Q

What did Bhikkhu Bodhi argue about the bodhisattva goal?

A

Mahayana elitism is the reason they believe in a better goal

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15
Q

What is an atman?

A

A soul

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16
Q

What did the Buddha argue about the atman?

A

He argued there is nothing that can be found in experience which points to the existence of a soul

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17
Q

What is anatta?

A

No-self

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18
Q

What are the 5 aggregates (DEFINITION)

A

The 5 elements that someone is made up of

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19
Q

What does skhandas mean?

A

heaps

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20
Q

What happens if the 5 skhandas are subtracted from a person?

A

nothing remains

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21
Q

What are the 5 skhandas?

A
  • forms
  • sensations
  • perceptions
  • impulses
  • consciousness
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22
Q

What is the Form skhanda?

A

The physical elements which make up a body

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23
Q

What is the sensations skhanda?

A

feeling of senses contacting the outside world

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24
Q

What is the Perceptions skhanda?

A

What we become aware of through sensations

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25
What is the Impulses skhanda?
from our internal will
26
What is the consciousnes skhanda?
basic awareness of being alive through thoughts and feelings
27
What analogy is used by Nagasena to describe anatta
chariot
28
What is the chariot analogy?
Chariot is used to refer to a collection of parts that form it
29
What is the importance of rebirth?
Everything transforms at rebirth
30
What is the Buddhist term for dependent origination?
Paticcassamuppada
31
How can life be described as a chain?
One event causes the next event and so on
32
what are the 3 marks of existence?
- anicca - dukkha - anatta
33
What does Samsara refer to?
The perpetual cycle of birth, death and rebirth which binds all sentient beings
34
Is samsara a place?
no - it referes to a process
35
What is the wandering through realms driven by?
Volitional actions of individuals
36
What is the role of the arhat in crossing samsara?
an individual who has reached the shore of liberation
37
What is the role of the bodhisattva in crossing samsara?
bodhisattvas are like ferrymen who vow to guide all sentient beings across
38
How does Samsara link to anicca?
all conditions are ever changing which highligts the impermenant nature of all beings in samsara
39
What is the bhavachakra?
The wheel of becoming
40
What is depicted in the inermost ring of the wheel of life?
The 3 poisons; greed, hatred, delusion
41
What is depicted in the second inermost ring of the wheel of life?
bodhisattvas guided higher beings to the upper realms and lower beings decending to the lower realms
42
What is depicted in the third ring of the wheel of life?
The 6 realms
43
What are the three higher realms?
- Devas - gods - Ashras - demi, gods - human
44
What are the three lower realms?
- Ghosts - animals - hell
45
What is depicted in the outermost ring of the wheel of life?
12 links of dependent origination which shows how suffering arises
46
What does the Buddha on the wheel of life depict?
The Buddha is outside the wheel showing how he is liberated from suffering
47
Who holds the wheel of life?
Yama - lord of death
48
Define karma
action
49
Finish the Buddha's quote: "It is karma that differentiates beings ...
into low and high states"
50
What things did the Buddha say were karmically determined (4)
- family - social status - personality - looks
51
What is karma not?
A system of reward and punishment determined by a god
52
What is the buddhist term for skilful actions?
kusala
53
What is the buddhist term for unskilful actions?
akusala
54
What must a good moral choice be guided by?
Intention
55
Finish the quote: "“it is choice, O monks ...
that I call karma.”
56
How does karma influence Buddhists? Hint: actions
Helps Buddhists understand their own agency to shape their destiny by cultivating kusala (skilful or wholesome) actions
57
How does karma influence Buddhists? Hint: 3 posions
Helps to blow out the three poisons of craving, greed and ignorance
58
Why is rebirth in the human realm better?
Humans have a higher chance of attianing nirvana
59
What are the three ways in which samsara can be described?
- literally - metaphorically - psychologically
60
What is the literal interpretation of samsara?
the realms of samsara are literal places which beings can be reborn into
61
What is the metaphorical interpretation of samsara?
the realms are not literal but are symbolic of emotional and mental states
62
What is the psychological state of samsara?
realms are not literal but reflect the mental states of humans
63
Who is the Avalokiteshvara
the bodhisattva of compassion
64
where is the avalokiteshavara believed to be?
at end of his bodhisattva career so has unlimited punya to share
65
Who is the deemed to be the current avalokiteshvara?
The 14th Dalai Lama Tenzin Gyatso
66
What is the Avalokiteshavara also called?
Bodhisattva of the world's sounds
67
Why is Avalokiteshvara called the Bodhisattva of the World’s Sounds?
because he perceives the sounds of suffering from living beings and delivers them from their trials when they call upon his name.
68
How might Buddhists treat the Dalai Lama
They might worship him in order to gain punya

AQA A LEVEL RELIGIOUS STUDIES (30 decks)

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