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WSG French Wine Scholar FWS > 01 Fundamentals - Grape Varieties > Flashcards

01 Fundamentals - Grape Varieties Flashcards

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1
Q

What is Aligoté?

A

A vigorous vine producing aromatic fruit with high acidity and medium body

Aligoté is a natural Pinot x Gouais Blanc cross, known for its jasmine and vanilla perfume.

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2
Q

What regions are known for Aligoté?

A
  • Beaujolais
  • Bourgogne
  • Rhone (Diois)
  • Savoie
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3
Q

Describe the characteristics of Altesse.

A

Very shy producer, resistant to rot, delivers full-bodied wines with honey and almond hints

A 1.5 ton/ac harvest is considered a bumper crop.

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4
Q

What regions are associated with Altesse?

A
  • L-R IGP
  • Savoie
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5
Q

What are the sugar and acid levels of Auxerrois?

A

High sugar and low acid levels

Auxerrois is a natural Pinot x Gouais Blanc cross.

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6
Q

In which region is Auxerrois believed to have originated?

A

Alsace-Lorraine

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7
Q

What are the characteristics of Bourboulenc?

A

Requires high temperatures, produces wines with moderate alcohol and high acidity

Aromas include citrus and smoke.

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8
Q

What regions are known for Bourboulenc?

A
  • L-R
  • Provence
  • Rhone
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9
Q

What is the origin of Chardonnay?

A

Indigenous to Bourgogne, a natural Pinot x Gouais Blanc cross

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10
Q

What are the primary fruit aromas found in Chardonnay?

A
  • Apple
  • Citrus
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11
Q

What are the secondary and tertiary aromas of Chardonnay?

A
  • Butter
  • Nuts
  • Ginger
  • Nutmeg
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12
Q

List the synonyms for Chardonnay.

A
  • Beaunois (Bourgogne)
  • Gamay Blanc (Jura)
  • Melon d’Arbois (Jura)
  • Melon Queue Rouge (Jura)
  • Auvernat (Loire)
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13
Q

Where is Chasselas believed to be native?

A

The area surrounding Lake Geneva in Switzerland

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14
Q

What are the characteristics of Chasselas?

A

Abundant but inconsistent yields, fairly neutral grape with hints of flint or smoke

Used as a reference point for grape varieties in the 1800s.

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15
Q

What regions are associated with Chasselas?

A
  • Alsace
  • Loire
  • Savoie
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16
Q

What is Chenin Blanc related to?

A

Savagnin Blanc

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17
Q

What are the characteristics of Chenin Blanc?

A

High-vigor, adaptable, cold hardy, wind- and disease-resistant

Often made into sweet wine due to susceptibility to botrytis.

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18
Q

What are the primary fruit aromas found in Chenin Blanc?

A
  • Peach
  • Quince
  • Apricot
  • Apple
  • Pear
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19
Q

What regions are known for Chenin Blanc?

A
  • L-R
  • Loire
  • South-West
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20
Q

What is Clairette’s origin?

A

Believed to have originated in the Hérault département of Languedoc

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21
Q

What are the typical aromas of Clairette?

A
  • Apricot
  • Apple
  • Peach
  • Fennel
  • Lime
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22
Q

What regions are associated with Clairette?

A
  • L-R
  • Provence
  • Rhone
  • South-West
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23
Q

What is the parentage of Colombard?

A

Natural Chenin Blanc x Gouais Blanc cross

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24
Q

What are the characteristics of Colombard?

A

Prolific producer with floral notes, high acidity, and high sugar levels

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25
What regions are known for Colombard?
* Bordeaux * L-R IGP * Loire * South-West
26
What is Courbu Blanc's sugar and acidity level?
High sugar levels and moderately acidic
27
What regions are associated with Courbu Blanc?
* South-West
28
What are the characteristics of Folle Blanche?
Delicately flavored high-acid wine with refreshing citrus and green apple notes ## Footnote Not the same grape as the Picpoul of Languedoc.
29
What regions are known for Folle Blanche?
* Loire * South-West
30
What is Gouais Blanc known for?
Producing big clusters with big berries and many offspring ## Footnote Parent of many grape varieties including Aligoté and Chardonnay.
31
What regions are associated with Gouais Blanc?
* Champagne
32
What are the characteristics of Grenache Blanc?
Fairly full-bodied wines with low to moderate acidity and good extract ## Footnote Prone to oxidation.
33
What regions are known for Grenache Blanc?
* L-R * Provence * Rhone
34
What are the characteristics of Gringet?
Mid-ripening grape with floral aromatics, bright acidity, and yellow plum fruit
35
What regions are associated with Gringet?
* Savoie
36
What is Gros Manseng's relationship to Petit Manseng?
Larger-berried, thinner-skinned offspring
37
What are the characteristics of Gros Manseng?
High-acid, high-sugar grapes with citrus and spice accents
38
What regions are known for Gros Manseng?
* la-R IGP * South-West
39
What are the characteristics of Jacquére?
Prolific producer of lightly perfumed, high-acid whites with wildflower and citrus hints
40
What regions are associated with Jacquére?
* Savoie
41
What is Marsanne's origin?
Believed to be native to the Rhone
42
What are the characteristics of Marsanne?
Extremely vigorous, producing powerful wines with moderate acidity and high alcohol ## Footnote Aromas include melon and honeysuckle.
43
What regions are known for Marsanne?
* L-R * Provence * Rhone * Savoie
44
What is the flavor profile of Mauzac Blanc?
Aromatic, high-acid wine with notes of bruised apple
45
What regions are associated with Mauzac Blanc?
* Bordeaux * L-R * South-West
46
What is Muscadet also known as?
Melon de Bourgogne
47
What are the characteristics of Muscadet?
Produces wine with subtle accents of sea and citrus; hardy and frost-resistant ## Footnote A Pinot x Gouais Blanc cross.
48
What regions are known for Muscadet?
* Beaujolais * Bourgogne * Loire
49
What is Molette's yield and flavor profile?
High yielding, fairly neutral with high sugar and acid levels
50
What regions are associated with Molette?
* Savoie
51
What are the characteristics of Mondeuse Blanche?
High-alcohol, low-acid, fairly neutral white grape ## Footnote Known for its offspring connected to Syrah.
52
What regions are known for Mondeuse Blanche?
* Savoie
53
What is Muscadelle's relationship to the Muscat family?
Not related, despite similar name and flavor profile
54
What are the characteristics of Muscadelle?
Generous yields with exuberant grapiness and slightly musky floral character ## Footnote Claims Gouais Blanc as a parent.
55
What regions are associated with Muscadelle?
* Bordeaux * South-West
56
What are the characteristics of Muscat à Petits Grains Blanc?
Produces vibrant, aromatic wines with hints of raisin, honey, and stone fruits
57
What regions are known for Muscat à Petits Grains Blanc?
* Alsace * Corsica * L-R * Provence * Rhône
58
What is Muscat d'Alexandrie's flavor profile?
Powerful Muscat with intense floral and stone fruit aromas
59
What regions are associated with Muscat d'Alexandrie?
* L-R * Provence
60
What is Muscat Ottonel's genetic background?
Chasselas x Muscat d'Eisenstadt cross
61
What regions are known for Muscat Ottonel?
* Alsace
62
What are the characteristics of Petit Courbu?
Shy producer yielding small clusters with honey and lemon flavors
63
What regions are associated with Petit Courbu?
* South-West
64
What is Petit Manseng known for?
Ripening with high sugar and acid levels, often used for sweet wines
65
What regions are known for Petit Manseng?
* L-R IGP * South-West
66
What is Pinot Blanc's genetic relationship?
Color mutation of Pinot Gris
67
What are the characteristics of Pinot Blanc?
Consistent yields of small-berried fruit, crafting a fairly neutral white
68
What regions are associated with Pinot Blanc?
* Alsace * Bourgogne * Champagne * L-R IGP
69
What does Piquepoul mean?
Lip stinger, referring to its high acid level
70
What are the characteristics of Piquepoul?
Aromatic wines with moderate alcohol and flavors of green apple and citrus
71
What regions are known for Piquepoul?
* L-R * Provence * Rhone
72
What is Riesling's native region?
Indigenous to the Rhine Valley
73
What are the characteristics of Riesling?
High sugar levels and acidity, with aromas of peach, apricot, and honeysuckle
74
What regions are associated with Riesling?
* Alsace * L-R IGP
75
What are the characteristics of Romorantin?
Mineral wines with hints of honey and beeswax; can be lean if not fully mature
76
What regions are known for Romorantin?
* Loire
77
What are the characteristics of Roussanne?
Irregular yields, sensitive to rot, considered elegant and aromatic ## Footnote Crafts complex age-worthy wines.
78
What regions are associated with Roussanne?
* L-R * Provence * Rhone * Savoie
79
What is Sacy's parentage?
Natural Pinot x Gouais cross
80
What are the characteristics of Sacy?
High-acid, low-alcohol wines that taste of pear
81
What regions are known for Sacy?
* Bourgogne * Loire
82
What is Sauvignon Blanc's preferred climate?
Cool, sunny climates
83
What are the characteristics of Sauvignon Blanc?
Aromatic wines with bright acidity, sharing kinship with Savagnin Blanc
84
What regions are associated with Sauvignon Blanc?
* Bordeaux * Bourgogne * L-R IGP * Loire * Provence * South-West
85
What are the characteristics of Savagnin Blanc?
High-acid, high-alcohol wine capable of aging, with considerable clonal diversity
86
What regions are known for Savagnin Blanc?
* L-R * Jura
87
What is Savagnin Blanc known for?
High-acid, high-alcohol wine capable of aging ## Footnote Savagnin Blanc is native to northeastern France and southwestern Germany and demonstrates considerable clonal diversity in berry color, aromatics, and cluster sizes.
88
What significant relationship does Savagnin Blanc have with other grape varieties?
Parent of many modern grape varieties ## Footnote Includes Petit Meslier, Sauvignon Blanc, Chenin Blanc, Petit Manseng, and Sylvaner.
89
What does DNA research indicate about Savagnin clones?
Possess the same genetic profile ## Footnote Savagnin Rose and Gewurztraminer are variants, not separate grape varieties.
90
Which region is associated with Savagnin Blanc?
Jura ## Footnote Jura is located in eastern France.
91
What is Sémillon believed to be native to?
Sauternes ## Footnote Sémillon is known for its thin-skinned berries that are susceptible to botrytis.
92
What are the characteristics of Sémillon wines?
Moderate aroma, high alcohol, high extract, moderate to low acidity ## Footnote Young wines express pear, apricot, citrus; aged wines develop spice, caramel, lanolin.
93
What regions are associated with Sémillon?
Bordeaux, L-R IGP, Provence, South-West ## Footnote Sémillon is widely cultivated in these regions.
94
What is Sylvaner also spelled as?
Silvaner ## Footnote Sylvaner is believed to be native to eastern Austria.
95
What are the tasting notes of Sylvaner wines?
Palate-cleansing, fairly neutral quaff ## Footnote Can attain complex minerality with hints of milled grain and root vegetables.
96
What is the parentage of Sylvaner?
Savagnin Blanc x Österreichisch Weiss ## Footnote Österreichisch Weiss is an offspring of Gouais Blanc.
97
What regions are associated with Sylvaner?
Alsace, I.-R IGP ## Footnote Sylvaner is primarily grown in these regions.
98
What is Ugni Blanc also known as?
Trebbiano Toscano ## Footnote Native to Italy and easy to grow.
99
What are the characteristics of wines made from Ugni Blanc?
Delicate, neutral whites with subtle hints of citrus and almond ## Footnote Ugni Blanc produces wines with good acidity.
100
What synonyms are associated with Ugni Blanc?
* Trebbiano Toscano (Italy) * Rossola (Corsica) * Roussan (Provence) ## Footnote These synonyms reflect the grape's different regional names.
101
What regions are associated with Ugni Blanc?
Bordeaux, Corsica, L-R IGP, Provence, Rhone, South-West ## Footnote Ugni Blanc is cultivated across several regions.
102
What two styles of wine does Vermentino / Rolle produce?
* Lively, nervy, aromatic with high-tensile citrus notes * Fat, round style with rich notes of ripe apple, pear, apricot ## Footnote Vermentino prefers coastal locations.
103
What synonyms are associated with Vermentino?
* Malvoisie de Corse (Corsica) * Rolle (Provence) ## Footnote These synonyms show the grape's different names in various regions.
104
What regions are associated with Vermentino?
Corsica, L-R, Provence, Rhöne ## Footnote Vermentino is grown in these regions.
105
What is Viognier known for?
Aromatic wines that are high in alcohol and moderate to low in acidity ## Footnote Viognier is related to Mondeuse Blanche and believed to be native to the Rhöne.
106
What aromas are typically found in Viognier wines?
* Peach * Apricot * Nectarine * Honey * Musk * Ginger * White flowers ## Footnote These aromas contribute to the wine's complex profile.
107
What regions are associated with Viognier?
L-R, Provence, Rhone ## Footnote Viognier is cultivated in these wine regions.
108
What is Fromenteau believed to be?
Pinot Gris ## Footnote Fromenteau has gray-pink skin and was one of two principal grapes grown in Champagne from the 9th to 16th centuries.
109
What type of grape is Gewurztraminer?
Aromatic mutation of Savagnin Blanc ## Footnote Gewurztraminer has pink skin, high sugar levels, high extract levels, and low acidity.
110
What aromas are commonly associated with Gewurztraminer?
* Nutmeg * Ginger * Cardamom * Allspice * Sandalwood * Mace * Rose * Lychee ## Footnote Gewurztraminer is known for its aromatic profile.
111
True or False: Gewurztraminer is spelled with an umlaut in Alsace.
False ## Footnote It is correctly spelled without the umlaut in Alsace.
112
What is the characteristic flavor profile of Grenache Gris?
* Rich * Round * Profound minerality * Stone fruit flavors * Moderate to low acidity * High alcohol * Honeyed undercurrent ## Footnote Grenache Gris is prone to oxidation.
113
What is Grolleau Gris a color variant of?
Grolleau Noir ## Footnote Grolleau Gris has pink skin.
114
What is Mauzac Rose a mutation of?
Mauzac Blanc ## Footnote Mauzac Rose has pink skin, but other attributes are the same as Mauzac Blanc.
115
What are the two distinct styles of Pinot Gris based on crop levels?
* High levels: Neutral, light-bodied wine with medium acidity * Low levels: Rich, opulent wine with high viscosity ## Footnote Pinot Gris ripens to high extract and sugar levels with moderate to low acidity.
116
What flavors can be found in the best examples of Pinot Gris?
* Apple * Pear * Honey * Dried fruits * Light touch of smoke * Beeswax * Mushroom ## Footnote Pinot Gris is a color mutation of Pinot Noir.
117
What is Sauvignon Gris?
A pink-skinned color mutation of Sauvignon Blanc ## Footnote It is slightly more perfumed and fuller in body than Sauvignon Blanc.
118
What is another name for Sauvignon Gris in the Loire region?
Fié Gris ## Footnote Sauvignon Gris is found in regions such as Bordeaux and Bourgogne.
119
What is Savagnin Rose?
A pink-skinned non-aromatic mutation of Savagnin Blanc ## Footnote It is similar in flavor and structure to Savagnin Blanc and known as Klevener in Alsace.
120
What is Brun Argenté believed to be indigenous to?
Southern Rhöne ## Footnote Brun Argenté crafts a wine similar to Syrah in its pepper and tannin components.
121
What are the synonyms for Brun Argenté?
* Camarèse * Vaccarése ## Footnote Synonyms reflect regional names for the grape variety.
122
What regions is Brun Argenté associated with?
Rhone
123
Where was Cabernet Franc recently found to originate?
Spanish Basque Country ## Footnote Its parent grapes are Morenoa and Hondarribi Beltza.
124
What are the typical aromas and flavors of Cabernet Franc?
* Tea * Tree bark * Forest floor * Moss * Herb * Cocoa * Violet * Strawberry * Cranberry * Mulberry
125
What regions is Cabernet Franc found in?
* Bordeaux * L-R * Loire * Savoie * South-West
126
What is unique about Cabernet Sauvignon's ripening and soil requirements?
It is a late-ripening variety that demands warm soils and a long growing season.
127
What are the flavor profiles of Cabernet Sauvignon?
* Black cherry * Black or red currant * Lilac * Tobacco/cigar box * Graphite * Cedar * Cocoa * Tea * Chocolate * Herb
128
What is the parentage of Cabernet Sauvignon?
Natural cross between Cabernet Franc and Sauvignon Blanc.
129
What is Carignan known for?
Vigorous, drought- and wind-resistant variety producing well-structured, aggressively tannic wines.
130
What are the synonyms for Carignan?
* Cariñena * Mazuelo ## Footnote These synonyms are used in Spain.
131
What regions is Carignan associated with?
* Corsica * L-R * Provence * Rhöne
132
What type of wine does Carmenère produce?
Rich, velvety red with an indescribable mélange of Indian spice.
133
What is the origin of Carmenère?
Native to the Gironde.
134
What are the regions where Carmenère is grown?
* Bordeaux * L-R IGP
135
What does César produce?
A rustic, tannic, spicy red with generous alcohol.
136
What regions is César found in?
Bourgogne
137
What characteristics define Cinsaut?
Drought- and wind-resistant, producing moderate to low pigment, low acidity, light tannins and expressive red fruit aromas.
138
What regions is Cinsaut associated with?
* Corsica * L-R * Provence * Rhone * South-West
139
Côt is also known as what?
Malbec
140
What is Côt known for?
Blackberry, plum, and prune fruit with low acid and supple yet ample tannins.
141
What regions is Côt found in?
* Bordeaux * L-R * Loire * South-West
142
What is Counoise's contribution to red blends?
Fruit, spice and acidity with moderate tannin and alcohol.
143
What regions is Counoise associated with?
* Provence * Rhone
144
What is Duras known for?
Producing peppery reds of high acidity, pigment and alcohol.
145
What regions is Duras found in?
South-West
146
What are the characteristics of Fer Servadou?
Similar in taste and structure to Cabernet Franc, hardy with well-structured wines.
147
What regions is Fer Servadou found in?
* L-R * South-West
148
What is the origin of Gamay Noir Jus Blanc?
A natural cross between Gouais Blanc and a member of the Pinot family.
149
What are the flavor profiles of Gamay Noir Jus Blanc?
* Cranberry * Raspberry * Strawberry * Rose * Iris * Violet
150
What regions is Gamay Noir Jus Blanc associated with?
* Beaujolais * Bourgogne * L-R IGP * Inire * Rhone (Diois) * Savoie * South-West
151
What is Gouais Noir?
A black-skinned variant of Gouais Blanc that disappeared in the 19th century.
152
What regions is Gouais Noir associated with?
Champagne
153
What are the characteristics of Grenache Noir?
Vigorous, produces high-alcohol wine with moderate acidity, pigment and tannin.
154
What are the synonyms for Grenache Noir?
* Garnacha Tinta * Cannonau ## Footnote These synonyms are used in Spain and Italy.
155
What regions is Grenache Noir found in?
* Corsica * L-R * Provence * Rhöne
156
What is Grolleau known for?
Producing low-alcohol, high-acid wines.
157
What regions is Grolleau associated with?
Loire
158
What is Lladoner Pelut?
A hairy-leafed mutation of Grenache Noir that ripens with less sugar and higher acid.
159
What regions is Lladoner Pelut found in?
L-R
160
What is Marselan?
A Cabernet Sauvignon x Grenache cross developed in Montpellier.
161
What regions is Marselan associated with?
* Bordeaux * L-R IGP * Rhone
162
What is Merlot's parentage?
Natural cross between Magdeleine Noire des Charentes and Cabernet Franc.
163
What flavors can be found in Merlot?
* Blueberry * Cherry * Plum * Coffee * Spice * Cocoa
164
What regions is Merlot found in?
* Bordeaux * Corsica IGP * L-R * South-West
165
What is unique about Meunier's DNA?
It has two different types of DNA: Pinot genotype for internal cells and a different genotype for the outer layer.
166
What regions is Meunier associated with?
* Champagne * Loire
167
What does Mondeuse Noire express based on location and soil?
High color, acidity, alcohol and extract with ample tannins in less fertile sites.
168
What regions is Mondeuse Noire found in?
* L-R IGP * Savoie
169
What climate conditions does Mourvèdre require for optimal growth?
Significant warmth and light ## Footnote Mourvèdre thrives best near the Mediterranean coastline due to its vulnerability to winter freezes.
170
What are the key characteristics of Mourvèdre wine?
Densely pigmented, high alcohol, high tannin, complex aromatic profile ## Footnote Aromas include herbs, ripe plum, strawberry, leather, and truffles.
171
What are the synonyms for Mourvèdre?
* Mataro * Monastrell
172
In which regions is Mourvèdre primarily found?
* Corsica * L-R * Provence * Rhône
173
What role does Muscardin play in red blends?
Contributes acidity and floral aromatics ## Footnote Muscardin is believed to be indigenous to the Rhône Valley.
174
What is Muscat à Petits Grains Rouge known for?
Producing pigmented wine with an intensely grapey aroma.
175
What are the regions associated with Muscat à Petits Grains Rouge?
* IGP * Rhône
176
Describe the characteristics of Négrette wine.
Supple, fragrant, deeply pigmented, low to moderate tannin and acidity ## Footnote Hints of blackcurrant and licorice.
177
What are the synonyms for Négrette?
* Petit Noir
178
Which regions cultivate Négrette?
* L-R IGP * Inire * South-West
179
What is Nielluccio better known as?
Sangiovese ## Footnote It is known for its high acidity and moderate alcohol.
180
What aromas are characteristic of Nielluccio wines?
Baked terra cotta and dried orange peel.
181
What are the synonyms for Nielluccio?
* Sangiovese (Italy) * Niellucciu (Corsica)
182
What challenges does the Persan grape face in cultivation?
Early budding leading to susceptibility to spring frost and mildew.
183
What are the key flavor characteristics of Persan when vinified?
Supple tannins, dense raspberry fruit, tangy acidity, ethereal violet aroma.
184
What is the reputation of Petit Verdot?
Tannic, highly pigmented, high in alcohol, aromatic, prized for peppery spice notes.
185
What historical challenges did Petit Verdot face?
Failed to ripen consistently and inconsistent yield.
186
What are the synonyms for Petit Verdot?
* Lambrusquet
187
Which regions are known for cultivating Petit Verdot?
* Bordeaux * L-R IGP * South-West
188
What is the origin of the name Pineau d'Aunis?
Derived from the French word 'pin' meaning 'pine' due to the shape of its clusters.
189
What are the characteristics of Pineau d'Aunis wine?
Pale red, moderately tannic, tantalizingly acidic, distinctively spicy.
190
In which region is Pineau d'Aunis native?
Loire
191
What are the defining characteristics of Pinot Noir?
Good acidity, moderate tannin, light red color, aromatic profile.
192
What primary fruits are associated with Pinot Noir?
* Cherry * Strawberry
193
What secondary aromas can be found in Pinot Noir?
* Earth * Leather * Violets * Clove * Cinnamon * Sandalwood * Smoke * Truffles
194
What is the significance of the 'Pinot' name?
References the compact, pine cone-like shape of its clusters.
195
What is the origin of Pinot grape varieties?
Undetermined; current theory hints at the Jura.
196
What are the synonyms for Pinot Noir?
* Auvernat Noir (Loire)
197
In which regions is Pinot Noir cultivated?
* Alsace * Beaujolais * Bourgogne * Champagne * Corsica IGP * Jura * L-R * Loire * Rhône (Diois) * Savoie * South-West
198
What is Piquepoul Noir?
An ancient grape native to the Rhone that produces a lightly pigmented, aromatic wine with good alcohol levels ## Footnote Variants include Picpoul Gris and Picpoul Blanc, which share the same DNA fingerprint.
199
What are the variants of Piquepoul Noir?
* Picpoul Gris * Picpoul Blanc ## Footnote Picpoul Gris is rarely seen, while Picpoul Blanc is widely planted.
200
What is the region associated with Piquepoul Noir?
L-R, Rhone ## Footnote L-R refers to the Languedoc-Roussillon region.
201
Describe Poulsard.
Thin-skinned grape that produces a lightly pigmented red wine with delicate perfume ## Footnote Often crafted into vin gris or still blanc de noirs.
202
What flavors and aromas are associated with Poulsard?
* Red currants * Wild strawberries * Smoke
203
What is the native region of Poulsard?
Franche-Comté area of France near the Swiss border
204
What is a synonym for Poulsard?
Ploussard ## Footnote This synonym is used in the Jura region.
205
What is Prunelard/Prunelart known for?
It is the father of Malbec ## Footnote Native to the Garonne/Tarn river valleys.
206
What happened to Prunelard after phylloxera?
It fell out of favor and was not replanted due to low yields.
207
What is the resurgence of Prunelard valued for?
* Color * Structure * Spice
208
What is the native region of Prunelard?
South-West
209
Describe Sciaccarello.
Tuscan grape found in Corsica, crafting lean, lightly pigmented reds and rosés with bright acidity ## Footnote Known as Sciaccarello and Malvasia Montanaccio.
210
What are the characteristics of wines made from Sciaccarello?
* Bright acidity * Generous alcohol * Spicy, red fruit aromas and flavors
211
What is a synonym for Sciaccarello in Italy?
Mammolo
212
What is the native region of Sciaccarello?
Corsica
213
What type of wine does Syrah produce?
Densely pigmented, tannic wines with moderate alcohol and acidity
214
What flavors and aromas can be found in Syrah wines?
* Cherry * Plum * White pepper * Black pepper * Sun-dried tomatoes * Herb * Cocoa * Fountain-pen ink
215
What unique notes can Syrah wines display?
Leathery, gamey, barnyard notes due to Syrah's reductive nature
216
What is the genetic background of Syrah?
A natural Mondeuse Blanche x Duren cross
217
What regions are associated with Syrah?
* Corsica * L-R * Provence * Rhone * South-West
218
What is Tannat believed to be native to?
South-West France ## Footnote Tannat is known for crafting deeply pigmented, acidic, tannic, full-bodied wines with raspberry fruit.
219
What type of wines does Tannat produce?
Deeply pigmented, acidic, tannic, full-bodied wines with raspberry fruit ## Footnote Tannat wines are characterized by their intense color and structure.
220
What is Terret Noir believed to be native to?
Languedoc ## Footnote Terret Noir is a productive vine that creates tart, pale red wines of moderate alcohol.
221
What are the color mutations of Terret Noir?
Terret Noir, Gris, and Blanc ## Footnote These mutations indicate the variety of colors that can occur within the Terret grape family.
222
What is Tibouren's relationship to Rossese di Dolceacqua?
Identical ## Footnote DNA research has confirmed that Tibouren is the same as Rossese di Dolceacqua, which is found in Liguria, Italy.
223
What type of wine does Tibouren craft?
Pale, earthy, supple wine with mushroom and stone fruit aromatics ## Footnote Tibouren wines are noted for their unique flavor profile.
224
What is Trousseau believed to be indigenous to?
Franche-Comté area of France ## Footnote Trousseau is known for its late-ripening nature and need for warm soils.
225
What characteristics do Trousseau wines typically have?
Deeply tannic, pigmented reds ## Footnote These characteristics are often difficult to achieve in the Jura region.
226
What flavors and aromas are associated with Trousseau?
Strawberry jam, raspberry, and nutmeg ## Footnote These flavors contribute to the overall profile of Trousseau wines.
227
What are the synonyms for Trousseau in Portugal and Spain?
Bastardo and others ## Footnote Synonyms can vary by region and usage.
228
In which regions is Tannat primarily found?
South-West ## Footnote This region is known for the cultivation of Tannat grapes.
229
What type of wines does Terret Noir produce?
Tart, pale red wines of moderate alcohol ## Footnote The wines are characterized by their refreshing acidity.
230
What is the origin of Tibouren?
Unknown ## Footnote Despite its uncertain origins, it has been linked genetically to an Italian variety.
231
What is the common trait of Trousseau's cultivation?
Needs plenty of sun and warm soils ## Footnote These conditions are essential for optimal grape development.

WSG French Wine Scholar FWS (30 decks)

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