02. Classical Conditioning Flashcards
Define the unconditioned stimulus (UCS)
Something which naturally/automatically causes a response.
Define the unconditioned response (UCR).
A natural reaction to a stimulus.
Define the neutral stimulus (NS).
A stimulus that initially does not cause the target reaction or response.
Define the conditioned stimulus (CS).
When the neutral stimulus causes the same response as the UCS on its own because they have become paired.
Define the conditioned response (CR)
Behaviour elicited by the conditioned stimulus.
What are the 3 different types of learning theories?
- Classical conditioning
Learning through association. - Operant conditioning
Learning through consequence - Social learning
Learning through observation.
Define extinction.
When the association between the UCS and the CS no longer occurs after a few trials of separating the two stimuli. The learned response is extinguished.
Define spontaneous recovery.
After extinction, the association sometimes recurs for no apparent reason.
Define stimulus generalisation.
A stimulus similar to the specific one can elicit the conditioned response.
Define discrimination.
Ability to respond differently to specific stimuli.
(The opposite of stimulus generalisation).
Define one trial learning.
Happens when learning takes place in a single pairing of a response and stimulus and is not strengthened over time by repeated exposure to a stimulus.
