02 Hydrogen Atom

Question 1

What is a line spectrum

Answer 1

a spectrum showing only certain colors of light

Question 2

spectrum for white light

Answer 2

contains all frequencies of visible light

Question 3

what is a lazer

Answer 3

monocromatic spectrum

Question 4

absorption

Answer 4

ground state -> excited state

Question 5

emission

Answer 5

excited state -> ground state

Question 6

electronic transition

Answer 6

an electron within an atom is jumping from one allowed state to another and emitting a photon in the form of electromagnetic radiation

Question 7

as n decreases…

Answer 7

distance decreases, attraction increases and energy gets lower or more negative

Question 8

is attractive energy more negative or more positive

Answer 8

more negative

Question 9

electron transitions from a higher (less negative) energy orbit (larger n) to a lower (more negative) orbit result in…

Answer 9

the emission of photons with matching energies

Question 10

absorption of photons of the appropriate energy…

Answer 10

promotes electrons from a lower orbit to a higher one

Question 11

at n = infinity, energy is

Answer 11

zero

Question 12

what is ionization

Answer 12

atom gaining or losing electrons to form ions

Question 13

energy will be negative when we have _______ and indicates a ________

Answer 13

an attractive interaction
a release of energy

Question 14

closer to the nucleus =
higher or lower energy

Answer 14

lower energy
- due to the significant attractive forces

Question 15

both disance and energy are…

Answer 15

quantized! meaning that only specific values are possible

Question 16

as n increases…

Answer 16

the radius increases
the energy will increase and will become less negative
the energy levels get closer and closer together

Question 17

what is electron density

Answer 17

the probability of an electron residing in a given tiny volume of space

Question 18

what is ionization energy

Answer 18

energy needed to remove an electron

Question 19

what does being quantized mean

Answer 19

can only have specific values

Question 20

what is an orbital

Answer 20

a 3d region of space that can hold an electron

Question 21

where is electron density the highest

Answer 21

around the nucleus, tapers off as you get farther

Question 22

what are quantum numbers

Answer 22

numbers required to describe arrangement of electrons in an atom

Question 23

Principal quantum number (n)

Answer 23

tells us the shell
indicates energy and distance from the nucleus
integer ranging from 1 to infinity
(city)

Question 24

angular momentum quantum number (l)

Answer 24

integer ranging from 0 to n-1

Question 25

what letter is l = 0
and what shape does this correspond to

Answer 25

s (sphere)

Question 26

what letter and shape does l = 1 correspond to

Answer 26

p and ‘dumbells’

Question 27

what letter and shape does l = 2 correspond to

Answer 27

d and ‘clover’ or ‘dumbell donut’

Question 28

what letter and shape does l = 3 correspond too

Answer 28

f and the shape is too complicated to define

Question 29

what is magnetic quantum number (ml)

Answer 29

integer ranging from -l … 0 … +l
the number of possible ml gives the number of orbitals in the subshell
describes spatial oreintation

Question 30

what does degenerate mean

Answer 30

having an equal energy

Question 31

what is boundary surface

Answer 31

the surface within which there is a specified probability (often 90%) that an electron will be found

Question 32

what is energy splitting due to

Answer 32

it is due to electron-electron repulsion and the idea of effective nuclear charge

Question 33

what are the only two values that the magnetic momentum of an electron can be

Answer 33

+1/2 or -1/2

Question 34

n

Answer 34

o