1 Flashcards
(19 cards)
perceptual sets are the result of _____, which people form to organize and interpret unfamiliar information
schemas
Sensation involves the activation of sense receptors; perception involves interpretation. TRUE OR FALSE
TRUE
Janice opens her eyes in the morning to see a photograph by her bedside. At that point, her eyes are receiving light energy, which they change into neural messages for the brain to process. This conversion of one form of energy into another is called:
Lagging motivation and depressed emotions can affect one’s perception. This fact BEST illustrates the concept of:
top-down processing
Anna is reading her psychology textbook. The activation of receptors in her retina is called _____. Her interpretation of the stimuli as particular words is called _____.
sensation; perception
Human sensory systems are designed to detect changes in stimulation rather than to detect constancies. This is demonstrated by the process of sensory _____.
adaptation
Why do our sensory systems adapt after prolonged exposure to a constant stimulus?
so that we detect potentially important changes in what is going on
A person can detect a single drop of perfume diffused in an area the size of a one-bedroom apartment. This is a(n) _____ threshold.
absolute
The minute Beth walks into her mother-in-law’s house to visit, she is struck by the strong smell of her mother-in-law’s perfume. However, after about 10 minutes, Beth no longer notices the smell. This is probably the result of:
sensory adaptation
The phenomenon of perceptual set underscores the contribution of _____ processes to perception.
top-down
According to the text’s introduction to sensation and perception, male silkworm moths’ odor receptors can detect one-billionth of an ounce of chemical sex attractant released by a female 1 mile away. This is an example of a(n) _____ threshold.
absolute
The phrase “THE CAT” appears in block letters as part of an advertising slogan on a billboard. The “A” and “H” are actually nearly identical in the stylized font that is used. However, the context of the words in the which the letters appear encourages readers to perceive the arrangement of three line segments as completely different letters in each case. This example reflects_____ processing.
top-down
A snack manufacturer finds that it must increase the salt content of its chips by 8 percent in order for a sample of consumers to notice that the chips are saltier than they were before. This example BEST illustrates the concept of a(n) _____ threshold.
difference
People perceive young infants as bigger and stronger if it is introduced with a male rather than a female name. This best illustrates the concept of:
perceptual sets
Lana cannot recognize faces. She has to pretend to know or recognize people she has already met. Lana MOST likely suffers from:
prosopagnosia
Kisharra encounters an intriguing article reporting a case of a neuropsychological disorder called prosopagnosia. She learns that prosopagnosia reflects an inability to recognize _____ and results from damage to the _____ hemisphere.
face; right
When subjects look at a picture of the Moon’s surface, some of them report seeing a human face. This is due to:
schemas
When Sanjay recognizes line segments and areas of light and dark as his friend’s face at an airport gate, he is demonstrating:
perception
Our ability to focus on informative changes in the environment is MOST directly supported by:
adaptation
