1,4-5. Vascular Path,5

Question 1

wt is the composition of a vulnerable atherosclerotic plaque?

Answer 1

thinner cap

large lipid core

Question 2

arteries affected by giant cell vasculitis?

wt part of artery?

Answer 2

temporal, opthalmic

elastic intima

Question 3

most common cause of thoracic aortic aneurysm?

Answer 3

HTN/cystic medial degeneration

Question 4

pt presents with malignant hypertension,

underlying cause?

Answer 4

hyperplastic arteriolosclerosis

Question 5

vasculitis with fragmentaiton of neutrophils

Answer 5

microscopic polyangiitis

Question 6

2 symptoms of giant cell arteritis?

Answer 6

jaw claudicaiton

headache

Question 7

2 asscoiationgs w aortic dissection?

Answer 7

HTN and inherited CT disorders

Question 8

df true aneurysm?

Answer 8

abnormal dilation

Question 9

wc vasculitis can cause blindness? why?

Answer 9

giant cell arteritis due to occlusion of the opthalmic artery

Question 10

vasculitis associated with men who are heaving smokers?

wt in seen pathologically?

Answer 10

Buerger Disease (thromboangiitis obliterans)

Segmental thrombosis and microabsesses

Question 11

wc vasculitis can cause renal microaneurysms?

wt is a unique GI symptom of this disease?

Answer 11

Polyarteritis nodosa

Melena (blood in GI tract –> black stool)

Question 12

complication of kawasaki syndrome?

Answer 12

coronary aneurysms

Question 13

most common cause of abdominal aortic aneurysm?
most common location?
presentation?

Answer 13

atherosclerosis

distal to renal arteries

pulsating abdominal mass

Question 14

cause of false aneurysm?

Answer 14

defect in vascular wall –> hematoma

Question 15

2 symptoms/signs of aortic dissection?

Answer 15

sudden chest pain radiating to back

unequal BP in arm

Question 16

2 conditions associated with MPA-ANCA/p-ANCA?

Answer 16

Churg-Strauss

Microscopic polyangitis

Question 17

df type A aortic dissection?

type B?

Answer 17

A - involves ascending aorta

B - descending aorta

Question 18

4 arteries most affected by atherosclerosis?

Answer 18

AA > coronary > popliteal > internal carotid

Question 19

4 modifiable risk factors for atherosclerosis?

Answer 19

hyperlipidemia
HTN
Cigs
DM

Question 20

2 complications of aortic dissection rupture?

Answer 20

cardiac tamponade

hemothorax

Question 21

2 types of ateriorolosclerosis?

wt causes each?

Answer 21

hyaline - mild, chronic htn

hyperplastic - malignant accelerated htn

Question 22

condition associated with PR3-ANCA/c-ANCA?

Answer 22

Granulomatosis with polyangitis

Question 23

steps to Intimal thickening?

Answer 23

SMCs migrate into intima and become proliferative (rather than contractile). they then synthesize ECM.

Question 24

wt cells in the vasculature are responsible for synthesis of collagen, elastin and proteoglycans?

Answer 24

SMCs

Question 25

wc vasculitis is known as the pulseless disease? | artery affected?

Answer 25

Takayasu vasculitis | Aortic arch

Question 26

vasculitis associated with coronary artery aneurysoms?

Answer 26

Kawasaki

Question 27

vasculitis associated with gangrene and amputation?

Answer 27

Buerger disease ( thromboangiitis obliterans)

Question 28

cause of aortic dissection?

Answer 28

intimal tear --> false lumen

Question 29

wt is the earliest lesion in atherosclerosis? | cell causing?

Answer 29

fatty streak | lipid-filled foamy macrophages

Question 30

wc vasculitis has GI symptoms? | complication?

Answer 30

PAN | microaneurysm

Question 31

vasculitis associated w palpable purpura?

Answer 31

microscopic polyangiitis

Question 32

2 main strucutures of atherosclerotic plaques? components of each

Answer 32

Fibrous cap - SMCs, collagen Lipid core - cholesterol, foam cells, necrotic debris, fibrin

Question 33

wt ateries are affected by artiosclerosis?

Answer 33

elastic and muscular arteries

Question 34

wc vasculitis is commonly seen in HepB pts?

Answer 34

Polyarteritis nodosa

Question 35

Triad of polyangiitis with granulomatosis?

Answer 35

Respiratory involvement focal necrotizing vasculitis of small vessels renal disease

Question 36

wt characterizes monckeberg arteriosclerosis?

Answer 36

ring like calcifications in media of muscular arteries

Question 37

vasculitis seen in asian children <4 yo? 5 symotoms? 2 drugs to tx?

Answer 37

Kawasaki ``` Cunjunctival injection Rash Adenopathy Strawberry Tongue Hand-foot changes fever (CRASH and burn) ``` IV IGs and aspirin

Question 38

4 presentations of Churg-strauss? wt would be found in serum?

Answer 38

asthma, skin nodules, wrist/foot drop, eosinophilia anti-meloperoxidase (MPA-ANCA/p-ANCA)

Question 39

5 pathogenesis of aneurysims?

Answer 39

``` inflammaitn HTN atherosclerosis CT disorders Cystic medial degeneration ```