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Flashcards in 1-5 Jarvis Deck (20)
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1
Q

Noradrenaline

A

Adrenergic agonist
a1>a2=b1>b2
No methyl group

2
Q

Adrenaline

A

Adrenergic agonist

a2>a1>b1=b2

4
Q

Aspirin

A
NSAID 
COX (cyclo oxygenase) inhibitor 
(Dioxygenase and perioxidase) 
Decrease prostaglandin synthesis 
Acetylsalicylic acid 
Inhibit COX 1 = undesired effects 
Inhibit COX 2 = desired effects
5
Q

Ivermectin

A

Anthelmintic –> flaccid paralysis
Opens Glu-gated Cl- channels - only in invertebrates
Breed sensitivities - accumulates in CSF of collies

6
Q

Ibuprofen

A
Non-selective COX inhibitor 
Arylpropionic acid derivative 
GI ulceration 
Renal failure 
Entero-hepatic circulation - high concs excreted in bile and reabsorbed
7
Q

Phenylbutazone

A
NSAID used to treat pain and fever
Eliminated principally by drug metabolism 
Phase 1 - synthetic enzymes 
Phase 2 - conjugating enzymes 
Metabolism is species dependent
8
Q

Carprofen

A
COX 1 inhibitor humans 
COX 2 inhibitor cats/dogs 
Arylpropionic acid derivative 
Photoallergen 
UV causes photodehalogenation to free radical that binds proteins
9
Q

Paracetamol

A

Highly toxic to cats and dogs
Cats incapable of Phase 2 metabolism - toxic metabolites accumulate
Glucuronyl transferase absent in cats
Haemotoxicity
N-acetylation deficient in cats and dogs
Dogs - no NAT 1 or 2
Cats - no NAT 2

10
Q

Warfarin

A

Synthetic
Can’t smell or taste
Competitive inhibitor Vit K epoxide reductase
Prevents activation/reduction of Vit K
Vit K is cofactor for PTM of glutamate..
Prevents carboxylation of glutamate
Disrupts coagulation cascade (Factors II, VII, IX, X)
Decrease thrombin formation, less fibrin

11
Q

Coumarin analogues

A

Eg warfarin

Dicoumarol - sweet clover disease, spoilt sweet clover silages

12
Q

Theobromine

A

3,7-Dimethylxanthine, closely related to caffeine
Toxic alkaloid in chocolate
Lethal dose = 300-1000mg/kg
Agitation, hyperexcitability, cardiotoxicity
Unusually long half life in dogs (18hrs)

13
Q

Salbutamol

A

B adrenergic agonist

14
Q

Xanthine

A

Oxidised purine

15
Q

Caffeine

A

1,3,7-trimethylxanthine
Demethylation to methylxanthines and xanthines
Oxidation to uric acid derivatives

16
Q

Etamiphylline

A

A methylxanthine

Used as a veterinary cardiac/respiratory stimulant

17
Q

Methylxanthines

A
Antagonists of adenosine receptors 
Inhibitors of phosphodiesterases 
-Increase levels of cAMP and cGMP 
Positive iono/chronotropic effects 
Vaso/bronchodilators 
Cardiac/CNS stimulant 
Activate ryanodine receptors
18
Q

Flunixin

A

NSAID
Horses cattle and pigs
GI ulceration

19
Q

Loperamide

A

Opioid drug used against diarrhoea

  • opioid receptor agonist in myenteric plexus of large intestine
  • not CNS
20
Q

N-acetyl cysteine

A

Mucolytic agent

Used in paracetamol overdose

21
Q

Theophylline

A

1,3-dimethylxanthine