1 Biology Page 1 Flashcards
(9 cards)
What is a cell?
The cell is the fundamental structural and functional unit of all living beings. It is the smallest part of the body of an organism capable of independent existence and performing essential functions of life.
What are the main components of a cell?
Cells are composed of various organelles, including protoplasm, cytoplasm, cell wall, cell membrane, mitochondria, nucleolus, endoplasmic reticulum, ribosome, Golgi bodies, plastids, lysosomes, centrosome, and vacuole.
What is the difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
Prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles, while eukaryotic cells have a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles.
What are the differences between plant cells and animal cells?
Differences between plant and animal cells include the presence of a cell wall, plastids, and large vacuoles in plant cells, while animal cells have centrosomes.
Who invented the microscope?
The first microscope was constructed by Dutch scientist Antony van Leeuwenhoek.
What type of microscope did Leeuwenhoek create?
Leeuwenhoek created simple microscopes consisting of a single biconvex lens.
What was the magnifying power of Leeuwenhoek’s microscopes?
Some of Leeuwenhoek’s microscopes had a considerable magnifying power of up to 200 times.
What is the significance of the zygote?
Most organisms, including humans, start life as a single cell called the zygote.
How did Robert Hooke contribute to microscopy?
Robert Hooke developed a microscope using two lenses.
