1 Biology Pg 7 Flashcards
(13 cards)
What are anthocyanins?
Anthocyanins are colouring pigments that remain dissolved in the cell sap of vacuoles, giving red, purple, and blue colours to different plant parts, especially fruits and vegetables.
What are chloroplasts?
Chloroplasts are green-coloured plastids that contain chlorophyll and are abundant in parts of the plant exposed to light, such as leaves.
What is the function of chloroplasts?
Chloroplasts trap solar energy and absorb carbon dioxide for the manufacture of starch and sugar during photosynthesis.
What are dictyosomes?
Dictyosomes are complexes in plants that contain smaller and more scattered groups of cisternae and vesicles.
What is the role of lysosomes?
Lysosomes are small vesicles containing digestive enzymes that destroy and digest foreign substances and stored food during unfavourable conditions.
Why are lysosomes sometimes called ‘suicide bags’?
Lysosomes can rapidly destroy or dissolve damaged cells by their own enzymes.
What is a centrosome?
A centrosome is found only in animal cells and is involved in the development of spindle fibres during cell division.
What happens to chlorophyll during the ripening of tomatoes?
During ripening, chlorophyll degenerates, allowing the masked red carotene to take over.
What are granules?
Granules are small particles in the food materials, such as starch, glycogen, and fats.
What are vacuoles?
Vacuoles are clear spaces in the cytoplasm filled with water and various substances; they are usually large in plant cells and smaller in animal cells.
What is the nucleus?
The nucleus is the most important part of the cell, regulating and coordinating various life processes and playing a key role in cell division.
What are leucoplasts?
Leucoplasts are colourless plastids that store starch and are abundant in potato cells.
What are chromoplasts?
Chromoplasts are coloured plastids that are mostly present in petals of flowers and fruits, containing pigments like xanthophyll and carotene.
