1- GRAM POSITIVE COCCI (CATALASE NEGATIVE)

Question 1

Gram positive cocci in CHAIN

Answer 1

Streptococci

Question 2

based on their specific hemolytic activity

Answer 2

smith and brown classification

Question 3

based on the antigenic characteristic of the C carbohydrate on the cell wall

Answer 3

Lancefield classification

Question 4

alpha hemolytic organism

Answer 4

viridians streptococci & s. pneumonia

Question 5

Beta-hemolytic organism

Answer 5

S. pyogenes and S. agalactiae

Question 6

Gamma-hemolytic

Answer 6

Enterococci

Question 7

Group A strep

Answer 7

S. pyogenes

Question 8

Group B strep

Answer 8

S. agalactiae

Question 9

Group D strep

Answer 9

Enterococcus

Question 10

-not considered a normal microbiota
-inhibits the skin and upper respiratory tract of humans
-causes pharyngitis, erysipelas, scarlet fever, and necrotizing fascitis

Answer 10

Group A Streptococcus Pyogenes

Question 11

oxygen-stable, nonimmunogenic hemolysin capable of lysing RBCs, WBCs, and platelets, will produce hemolysis in the presence of room air
-causes surface hemolysis on BAP

Answer 11

Streptolysin S

Question 12

oxygen- labile, immunogenic hemolysin capable of lysing same cells and cultured cells, will produce hemolysis in the absence of room air
-causes sub-surface hemolysis on BAP

Answer 12

Streptolysin O

Question 13

major virulence factor; antiphagocytic

Answer 13

M protein

Question 14

associate with rheumatic fever

Answer 14

Class I M protein

Question 15

associate with glomerulonephritis

Answer 15

Class II M protein

Question 16

spreading factor

Answer 16

Hyalunoridase

Question 17

promotes fibrinolysis

Answer 17

Streptokinase

Question 18

mediates epithelial cell attachment

Answer 18

Protein F

Question 19

reagent of PYR hydrolysis test

Answer 19

P-dimethylaminocinamaldehyde

Question 20

skin test for confirmation of scarlet fever

Answer 20

Dicks’s test

Question 21

detects antibodies to the streptolysin O enzyme produced by group A streptococcus , which is able to lyse RBCs

Answer 21

Antistreptolysin O (ASO) test:

Question 22

the most diagnostically important antibodies

Answer 22

anti-ASO, anti-DNAse B, anti-hyaluronidase

Question 23

drug of choice for S. pyogenes

Answer 23

Penicillin, Erythromycin

Question 24

normal flora of the nasopharynx and oropharynx
-lancet-shaped or bullet shaped diplococci

Answer 24

S. pneumonia

Question 25

primary cause of bacterial pneumonia, meningitis and otitis media

Answer 25

streptococcus pneumonia

Question 26

major virulent factor; antiphagocytic in streptococcus pneumonia

Answer 26

Capsule

Question 27

only capsulated streptococcus

Answer 27

Strep Pneumoniae

Question 28

-activates the classical component pathway -mediates suppression of the oxidative burst in phagocyte

Answer 28

Pneumolysin

Question 29

binds receptors for platelet-activating factor

Answer 29

phosphorylcholine

Question 30

young colonies of streptococcus pneumoniae

Answer 30

Dome-shaped (umbonate)

Question 31

aged colonies of streptococcus

Answer 31

crater like, resembles a doughnut (umbilicate)

Question 32

confirmatory and is based on the ability of bile salts to induced lysis of S. pneumoniae

Answer 32

Bile solubility

Question 33

reagent of bile solubility test `

Answer 33

10% sodium desoxycholate

Question 34

taxo P or ethylhydrocupreine hydrochloride

Answer 34

Optochin disk test

Question 35

skin test for pneumoniae

Answer 35

Francis test

Question 36

normal flora of the GIT, pharynx and vaginal tract -usually associated with neonates, and are acquired before or during the birthing process

Answer 36

Streptococcus agalactiae

Question 37

contain antimicrobials which suppresses the growth of GBS

Answer 37

Todd- Hewitt Broth

Question 38

Reagent for Hippurate Hydrolysis test

Answer 38

Ninhydrin reagent positive: purple

Question 39

-detects the production of a diffusible, extracellular protein that enhances the hemolysis of sheep erythrocytes by S. aureus -Christie, Atkins, Munch, Peterson

Answer 39

CAMP test

Question 40

positive result for camp test:

Answer 40

arrow head zone of hemolysis

Question 41

negative result for camp test

Answer 41

no enhanced hemolysis

Question 42

two subgroups of Group D streptococci

Answer 42

Enterococci & Non-enterococci

Question 43

vancomycin-resistant -grows well at 40% bile or 6.5% NaCl

Answer 43

enterococcus (E. faecalis & E. faecium)

Question 44

grow well in 40% bile but inhibited with 6.5% NaCl -remarkable association with colon cancer

Answer 44

Non-enterococcus (S. bovis, S. equinus)

Question 45

based on the ability of the organisms to hydrolyzed esculin in the presence of 40% bile

Answer 45

Bile esculin test

Question 46

positive result of bile esculin test

Answer 46

blackening of media (enterococci & non-enterococci)

Question 47

normal microbiota of the oral cavity, gastrointestinal tract, and female genital tract -smells like butterscotch on CA

Answer 47

Viridians Streptococci / milleri strep complex, microaerophilic strep

Question 48

viridians streptococci causes three main types of infection

Answer 48

Dental infection Endocarditis Abscess