1 - Reasons for rendering a patient edentulous Flashcards

1
Q

What is a complete denture?

A
  • removable dental prosthesis that replaces an entire dental arch (maxilla and/or mandible)
  • full denture
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2
Q

CU

A

complete upper

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3
Q

CL

A

complete lower

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4
Q

F/F

A

complete upper and lower

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5
Q

-/F

A

natural upper dentition, complete lower

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6
Q

What are some problems associated with having a complete denture and natural teeth?

A
  • occlusion is not controlled like in F/F
  • uneven bite
  • stability is difficult to achieve
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7
Q

What are the different types of complete denture?

A
  • PMMA (acrylic), most common, usually last 5 years
  • CoCr and acrylic, rare, used in those with severe bruxism
  • nylon (base) and porcelain (teeth), used in those with allergies to acrylic, deteriorate quickly (18 months)
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8
Q

Edentulous

A
  • when a person loses all their teeth
  • debilitating, irreversible condition and considered final marker of disease burden of oral health, caused by failure to control the disease
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9
Q

What factors are relevant in edentulism?

A
  • age
  • socioeconomic
  • MH
  • OH
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10
Q

What are some of the effects of edentulism?

A
  • self esteem
  • general health (lack of nutrition due to limitations of mastication)
  • quality of life
  • speech (s/f/v sounds difficult)
  • loss of masticatory function
  • appearance
  • ridge resorption
  • soft tissue changes
  • reduction in face height (assess this in EO exam)
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11
Q

What is the classification of ridge resorption called?

A

Cawood and Howell

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12
Q

Describe the atrophy stages of ridge resorption in the mandible.

A
  1. before extraction (tooth present)
  2. post extraction
  3. high, well-rounded ridge
  4. knife-edge ridge
  5. low, well-rounded ridge
  6. depressed bone levels (nerves/blood vessels may be exposed)
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13
Q

How do the maxilla and mandible differ in ridge resorption?

A
  • mandible more susceptible to severe resorption
  • maxilla tends to have better ridges for denture retention
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14
Q

Why are complete dentures a compromise restoration?

A
  • inefficient at mastication
  • requires good neuro-muscular control (stroke/parkinsons)
  • stability of lower dentures compromised by tongue movements
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15
Q

What are some common reasons for patients to become edentulous?

A
  • rampant caries
  • periodontal disease
  • debilitating tooth wear
  • failing dentition
  • occlusal collapse
  • appearance
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16
Q

Describe a failing dentition.

A
  • overambitious treatment can lead to the failure of natural teeth (ie over-extended bridges)
  • cycles of replacement lead to more natural tooth tissue lost each time
17
Q

What are some less common reasons for patients to become edentulous?

A
  • head and neck chemo-radiotherapy
  • head and neck cancer resection
  • transplant patients
  • cardiac surgery
  • patient’s request
18
Q

How does chemo-radiotherapy cause patients to become edentulous?

A
  • radiation can cause osteo-radionecrosis (ORN)
  • blood vessels in supporting bone are affected
  • if teeth are extracted post-op (ie gross caries), large portions of bone can come with the tooth, poor healing
  • teeth can then be extracted before cancer treatment as a preventative measure
19
Q

How does being a transplant patient cause edentulism?

A
  • transplant patients are often placed on immuno-suppressants post-op
  • any infection in the mouth could have a greater impact
  • teeth can be extracted as a preventative measure
20
Q

How does have cardiac surgery result in patients being rendered edentulous?

A
  • heart valve surgeries carry the risk of infective endocarditis
  • poor dentition can carry significant infection risks
21
Q

What are the different methods of complete denture construction?

A
  • conventional dentures
  • replica dentures
  • digital dentures