10

Question 1

Diseases cause by fungi

Answer 1

Mycoses

Question 2

SUPERFICIAL MYCOSES
Characteristics

Answer 2

Lacks immune response from host
• No living tissue invaded • asymptomatic

Question 3

SUPERFICIAL MYCOSES

Answer 3

These are cosmetic fungal infections of the skin or hair shaft.

Question 4

SUPERFICIAL MYCOSES Diseases

Answer 4

❏ Pityriasis versicolor
❏ Tinea nigra
❏ White piedra
❏ Black piedra

Question 5

Also called Tinea versicolor

Answer 5

PITYRIASIS VERSICOLOR

Question 6

PITYRIASIS VERSICOLOR Etiological agent

Answer 6

Malassezia furfur

Question 7

A chronic, superficial fungal disease of the skin characterized by well-demarcated white, pink, fawn, or brownish scaly lesions.

Answer 7

PITYRIASIS VERSICOLOR

Question 8

Basidiomycetous yeasts and form part of the normal skin flora
of humans and animals

Answer 8

Malassezia species

Question 9

PITYRIASIS VERSICOLOR
o Laboratory diagnosis:

Answer 9

o Clinical Material o Skin scrapings

Question 10

LABORATORY DIAGNOSIS culture of M. Furfur

Answer 10

Saboraud’s agar with olive oil or lanolin
o Stimulates growth by natural oils and other fatty substances
o Can grow on Sabouraud’s Dextrose Agar with cycloheximide and chloramphenicol (mycosel)

Question 11

Specialized isolation medium containing glycerol-mono- oleate

Answer 11

Dixon Agar

Question 12

Characterized by appearance, primarily on palms of the hand and occasionally the plantar and other surfaces of the skin as brown to black non scaly macules

Answer 12

TINEA NIGRA

Question 13

TINEA NIGRA Etiologic agents

Answer 13

Hortaea werneckii

Question 14

Hortaea werneckii example

Answer 14

Exophiala werneckii
Phaeoannellomyces werneckii
Cladosporium werneckii)

Question 15

Clinical materials for the laboratory diagnosis of Tinea nigra

Answer 15

Skin scrappings

Question 16

Direct microscopy of the laboratory diagnosis of Tinea Nigra

Answer 16

10% KOH (Potassium Hydroxide)

Question 17

Direct Microscopy Examination (10%
KOH) of Tinea Nigra

Answer 17

• olive-brown, septate, multiple
  branched hyphae and elongated budding cells
• (+) ANNELIDE FORMATION

Question 18

Culture for the laboratory diagnosis of Tinea Nigra

Answer 18

Saborauds dextrose agar

Question 19

typical two-celled yeast cells producing annelloconidia (Tinea nigra)

Answer 19

LPCB mount:

Question 20

Superficial infection of hair shaft

Answer 20

PIEDRA

Question 21

PIEDRA 2 varieties

Answer 21

• white piedra - Trichosporon spp (asahi formerly beigelli)
• black Piedra - Piedraia hortae

Question 22

Superficial fungal infection of the hair shaft

Answer 22

BLACK PIEDRA

Question 23

BLACK PIEDRA Etiologic agent

Answer 23

Piedraia hortae

Question 24

an ascomycetous fungus forming hard black nodules on the shafts of the scalp, beard,and pubic hair.

Answer 24

BLACK PIEDRA (Piedraia hortae)

Question 25

BLACK PIEDRA ⮚Clinical Manifestation:

Answer 25

⮚Does not penetrate hair follicle ⮚Scalp hair are rough or sandy ⮚Infected hair: Hard black nodules on shaft

Question 26

Black Piedra LABORATORY DIAGNOSIS o Clinical Material

Answer 26

Hair with hard black nodules

Question 27

Black piedra DirectMicroscopy LABORATORY DIAGNOSIS

Answer 27

o 20% KOH o Darkly pigmented nodules o Asci(ascospores)

Question 28

Black Piedra Primary isolation medium LABORATORY DIAGNOSIS

Answer 28

o Sabouraud’s dextrose agar o Dark brown colonies

Question 29

Fungal infection of the hair shaft with soft greyish-white nodules

Answer 29

WHITE PIEDRA

Question 30

White piedra etiologic agent

Answer 30

Trichosporon spp.

Question 31

Clinically significant Trichosporon spp.

Answer 31

Trichosporon asahii ⮚Trichosporon mucoides ⮚Trichosporon inkin ⮚Trichosporon cutaneum ⮚Trichosporon ovoides ⮚Trichosporon asteroides

Question 32

These are fungal infections of the skin, hair and nails. o Pathological changes and inflammatory response occur in the host o symptomatic

Answer 32

CUTANEOUS MYCOSES

Question 33

Diseases of CUTANEOUS MYCOSES

Answer 33

o Dermatophytosis (Tinea or ringworm)- caused by dermatophytes (Epidermophyton, Microsporum and Trichophyton) o Candidiasisofskin,mucousmembranesandnails- caused by Candida spp.

Question 34

Causes of dermatophytosis

Answer 34

dermatophytes (Epidermophyton, Microsporum and Trichophyton)

Question 35

Candidiasisofskin,mucousmembranesandnails- caused by

Answer 35

Candida spp.

Question 36

Also called Tinea or Ringworm Disease of the nails, hair and skin caused by filamentous fungi called Dermatophytes

Answer 36

Dermatophytosis

Question 37

Dermatophytosis Etiological agents:

Answer 37

Epidermophyton floccosum Microsporum spp. Trichophyton spp.

Question 38

Skin and Nails (+) Nails (-)

Answer 38

Microsporum

Question 39

Skin and Nails (+) Hair (-)

Answer 39

Epidermophyton

Question 40

Skin, Hair, Nials (+)

Answer 40

Trichophyton

Question 41

refers to dermatophytosis of the feet or toes. It is characterized by itchy and scaly rash

Answer 41

Tinea pedis

Question 42

refers to dermatophytosis of the proximal medial thighs and buttocks. • It manifests as a pruritic, scaled lesion or plaque that involves the fold between the scrotum and thigh.

Answer 42

Tinea cruris

Question 43

dermatophytosis of the nail (onychomycosis) -patches or pits on the surface of the nail

Answer 43

Tinea unguium

Question 44

dermatophytosis of the glabrous skin. It's usually an itchy, circular rash with clearer skin in the middle.

Answer 44

Tinea corporis-

Question 45

refers to dermatophytosis of the scalp. It is characterized by itchy, scaly, bald patches on the head.

Answer 45

Tinea capitis

Question 46

zoophilic dermatophyte (cats)

Answer 46

Microsporum canis

Question 47

produces favus-like crusts or scutula and permanent hair loss.

Answer 47

Trichophyton schoenleinii

Question 48

o A primary or secondary mycotic infection caused by members of the genus Candida. o Clinical manifestations includes oropharyngeal candidiasis and cutaneous candidiasis

Answer 48

Candidiasis

Question 49

LABORATORY DIAGNOSIS o Direct Microscopy CANDIDIASIS

Answer 49

KOH (10% or 20%)

Question 50

LABORATORY DIAGNOSIS Clinical material

Answer 50

Skin scrapings, nail clippings and epilated hair

Question 51

Laboratory diagnosis culture (candidiasis)

Answer 51

SDA MYCOSEL DERMATOPHYTE test medium. - selective medium for dermatophyte

Question 52

Laboratory Identification of Dermatophyte macroscopic

Answer 52

1. Surface color 2. Reverse color 3. Texture of growth 4. RATE OF GROWTH -Rapid grower -Slow grower

Question 53

Laboratory diagnosis of dermatophytes microscopic

Answer 53

Method: 1. Direct tease mount (LPCB) 2. Microculture (Ridell Technique) identification is based on: 1. Microconidia 2. Macroconidia