10 Flashcards
(150 cards)
1
Q
What is the main goal of hospitalization?
A
To diagnose, monitor, and treat serious health conditions.
2
Q
What is the role of the hospital?
A
To provide intensive and specialized care for acute and chronic illnesses.
3
Q
Why is hospitalization often stressful for patients?
A
It involves unfamiliar routines, loss of control, and fear of diagnosis or procedures.
4
Q
What is depersonalization in hospital settings?
A
Treating patients as objects or cases rather than individuals.
5
Q
What causes depersonalization in hospitals?
A
Staff routines, medical procedures, and institutional pressures.
6
Q
How does loss of control affect patients in hospital?
A
It increases stress, anxiety, and feelings of helplessness.
7
Q
What is the impact of being in a hospital gown?
A
It can increase vulnerability and reduce personal identity.
8
Q
Why is uncertainty a major stressor in hospitals?
A
Patients often don’t know what to expect or how serious their condition is.
9
Q
How does being in a hospital bed affect psychology?
A
It reinforces a sick role and limits autonomy.
10
Q
What is the sick role in hospital settings?
A
The set of expected behaviors and attitudes of a hospitalized patient.
11
Q
What are the elements of the sick role?
A
Being passive, compliant, and dependent on medical staff.
12
Q
What is a nosocomial infection?
A
An infection acquired during hospitalization.
13
Q
How are nosocomial infections prevented?
A
Through hygiene, sterilization, and infection control practices.
14
Q
Why is infection control important in hospitals?
A
To protect vulnerable patients and reduce complications.
15
Q
What is the role of health psychologists in hospitals?
A
They help patients cope emotionally and psychologically with illness and treatment.
16
Q
How do health psychologists support medical staff?
A
By advising on communication and stress management.
17
Q
What is the benefit of hospital orientation programs?
A
They reduce anxiety by helping patients understand what to expect.
18
Q
What is patient education in hospitals?
A
Teaching patients about their illness, procedures, and care plans.
19
Q
Why is patient education important in hospitals?
A
It improves understanding, satisfaction, and cooperation with care.
20
Q
What is the benefit of giving patients choices in hospital?
A
It restores a sense of control and improves outcomes.
21
Q
How does hospital environment affect recovery?
A
Comfort, privacy, and quiet promote healing and well-being.
22
Q
What is emotional support in hospitals?
A
Providing reassurance, listening, and empathy to reduce stress.
23
Q
Why are good communication skills essential for hospital staff?
A
To prevent misunderstanding and reduce patient anxiety.
24
Q
What is procedural information?
A
Details about what will happen during a medical procedure.
25
What is sensory information?
Information about what the patient will feel, see, or hear.
26
How does providing procedural and sensory info help patients?
It reduces uncertainty and increases coping ability.
27
What is modeling in patient preparation?
Showing a video or real example of someone undergoing a procedure.
28
Why is modeling effective?
It prepares patients and reduces anxiety through observational learning.
29
What is cognitive control in hospitals?
Helping patients reframe thoughts to manage stress.
30
What is behavioral control in hospitals?
Teaching patients specific actions to manage procedures or pain.
31
What is emotional control in hospitals?
Strategies to manage feelings like fear, sadness, or anger.
32
What is preparatory information?
Explanations provided before medical events to reduce uncertainty.
33
How does giving control affect stress in hospitals?
It reduces stress and increases patient satisfaction.
34
What is pain catastrophizing?
Exaggerating or ruminating about pain in a way that worsens experience.
35
How can hospital staff reduce pain catastrophizing?
By offering reassurance and distraction techniques.
36
Why is family involvement important in hospitalization?
It provides emotional support and can improve recovery.
37
What is the role of social support in hospital recovery?
It reduces stress, boosts morale, and enhances healing.
38
What is a hospitalist?
A physician who specializes in the care of hospitalized patients.
39
What are discharge instructions?
Guidelines for care after leaving the hospital.
40
Why are clear discharge instructions important?
To prevent readmission and ensure continuity of care.
41
What is patient adherence post-discharge?
Following medical advice and treatment after leaving hospital.
42
Why do patients often forget discharge instructions?
Due to stress, information overload, or unclear communication.
43
What is the role of written instructions at discharge?
To improve memory and adherence.
44
How can health literacy affect hospital outcomes?
Low literacy can reduce understanding of care instructions.
45
What is patient-centered care in hospitals?
Care that respects patients’ preferences, needs, and values.
46
How do hospitals promote patient-centered care?
By involving patients in decisions and providing clear info.
47
What is informed consent in hospitals?
A patient’s agreement to a procedure after understanding risks and benefits.
48
Why is informed consent critical?
It protects patient rights and promotes autonomy.
49
What is medical paternalism?
Making decisions for patients without their input.
50
Why is medical paternalism problematic?
It undermines autonomy and may reduce trust.
51
How can hospitals increase transparency?
By openly discussing procedures, risks, and outcomes.
52
What is hospital readmission?
When a patient returns to the hospital shortly after discharge.
53
What contributes to hospital readmission?
Poor discharge planning, unclear instructions, or lack of follow-up.
54
What is continuity of care?
Ongoing coordination between providers and patients across settings.
55
What is the impact of hospitalization on mental health?
It can cause anxiety, depression, or adjustment issues.
56
What are common emotional reactions to hospitalization?
Fear, helplessness, frustration, and sadness.
57
What is a coping style?
A person’s usual way of handling stress or illness.
58
What is information-seeking coping?
Actively asking questions and gathering information.
59
What is avoidance coping?
Distracting oneself or denying illness to reduce stress.
60
Which coping style is associated with better hospital outcomes?
Information-seeking and problem-focused coping.
61
What is ICU psychosis?
Delirium or confusion caused by stress and environment in intensive care.
62
What contributes to ICU psychosis?
Sleep disruption, sensory overload, and medication effects.
63
How can hospitals reduce ICU psychosis?
By improving sleep, limiting noise, and clear communication.
64
What is hospital-induced PTSD?
Trauma responses due to life-threatening illness or intensive treatment.
65
What is the role of post-discharge follow-up?
To monitor recovery and prevent complications.
66
What is the importance of coordinated care?
It prevents gaps in treatment and improves outcomes.
67
What are patient satisfaction surveys?
Tools to measure patients’ hospital experiences.
68
What do high satisfaction scores indicate?
Good communication, care quality, and hospital environment.
69
How do hospitals use patient feedback?
To improve services, training, and care delivery.
70
What is the role of electronic health records (EHR)?
To store and share patient info for coordinated care.
71
How do electronic health records improve hospital care?
By ensuring accurate, accessible, and up-to-date patient information.
72
What is a multidisciplinary team in a hospital?
A group of healthcare professionals from different fields working together.
73
What is the advantage of multidisciplinary teams?
They provide comprehensive and coordinated care.
74
What is bedside manner?
The way a provider interacts with and communicates with a patient.
75
Why is good bedside manner important?
It builds trust, reduces anxiety, and improves outcomes.
76
What are common barriers to communication in hospitals?
Noise, time pressure, patient anxiety, and language differences.
77
What is medical jargon?
Complex terms used by healthcare professionals that patients may not understand.
78
How can hospitals improve communication with patients?
By using plain language, checking understanding, and being empathetic.
79
What is a patient advocate?
Someone who supports and speaks up for the patient’s rights and needs.
80
Why are patient advocates important in hospitals?
They help ensure patients receive respectful and appropriate care.
81
What is spiritual care in hospitals?
Support for a patient’s spiritual or religious needs.
82
Why is spiritual care significant?
It can provide comfort, meaning, and strength during illness.
83
What is hospital accreditation?
A formal recognition that a hospital meets specific quality standards.
84
What does accreditation ensure?
Patient safety, high-quality care, and continuous improvement.
85
What are hospital quality indicators?
Metrics that evaluate safety, effectiveness, and patient satisfaction.
86
What is patient safety?
Avoiding harm to patients during care.
87
What are safety protocols in hospitals?
Procedures like hand hygiene, ID checks, and medication verification.
88
What is the role of checklists in hospitals?
To standardize care and reduce medical errors.
89
What is a sentinel event?
An unexpected incident causing death or serious harm in a hospital.
90
How do hospitals learn from sentinel events?
By conducting root cause analyses and improving systems.
91
What is a root cause analysis?
A process to identify the underlying causes of an adverse event.
92
Why is teamwork essential in hospital settings?
It ensures coordination, reduces errors, and improves outcomes.
93
What are common sources of stress for hospital staff?
High workload, emotional strain, long hours, and complex cases.
94
What is burnout in healthcare?
Physical and emotional exhaustion from prolonged stress.
95
How can hospitals support staff well-being?
Through counseling, support groups, breaks, and fair scheduling.
96
What is patient autonomy?
The right of patients to make their own healthcare decisions.
97
How do hospitals support patient autonomy?
By providing information and respecting patient choices.
98
What is end-of-life care?
Medical and emotional support provided near the end of life.
99
What is palliative care?
Comfort-focused care to relieve symptoms and improve quality of life.
100
What is hospice care?
Care for terminally ill patients focused on comfort rather than cure.
101
Why is clear communication important in end-of-life care?
It helps patients and families make informed decisions.
102
What is advance care planning?
Preparing legal documents like living wills or power of attorney.
103
What is a DNR order?
A “Do Not Resuscitate” instruction to avoid CPR in terminal cases.
104
What is informed refusal?
A patient’s right to decline recommended medical treatment.
105
How do hospitals respect informed refusal?
By honoring competent decisions and documenting them properly.
106
What is shared decision-making?
A process where patients and providers make choices together.
107
How does shared decision-making benefit patients?
It improves satisfaction, trust, and treatment alignment with values.
108
What are visiting policies in hospitals?
Rules about when and how visitors can see patients.
109
Why do visiting policies exist?
To balance patient rest, safety, and emotional support.
110
What is hospital discharge planning?
Preparing the patient for care after leaving the hospital.
111
Who is involved in discharge planning?
Nurses, doctors, social workers, and sometimes family members.
112
What is transitional care?
Support during the move from hospital to home or another setting.
113
What is a discharge summary?
A document detailing diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up instructions.
114
Why is early discharge planning important?
To reduce complications and readmissions.
115
What are patient handoffs?
Transfer of patient information between healthcare providers.
116
Why are handoffs critical?
Poor communication during handoffs can lead to medical errors.
117
What is continuity of medical records?
Keeping a comprehensive and consistent account of a patient’s care.
118
What is patient rounding?
Regular visits by medical teams to assess and plan care.
119
What is the goal of daily rounding?
To keep patients informed and improve coordination.
120
What is patient satisfaction?
A measure of how well hospital care meets patient expectations.
121
What factors influence patient satisfaction?
Communication, comfort, respect, responsiveness, and results.
122
What are HCAHPS scores?
Hospital Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems — a national patient satisfaction survey in the US.
123
Why are HCAHPS scores important?
They affect hospital reputation, funding, and improvement strategies.
124
What is a hospital-acquired condition (HAC)?
A complication that develops during hospitalization.
125
How are HACs prevented?
With proper care protocols, monitoring, and hygiene practices.
126
What is a rapid response team?
A group that responds quickly to signs of patient deterioration.
127
What is the importance of early warning signs?
They allow staff to intervene before serious complications occur.
128
What are fall prevention protocols?
Steps like bed alarms and nonslip socks to reduce patient falls.
129
What is medication reconciliation?
Comparing new and current medications to avoid errors.
130
How do hospitals support pain management?
Through assessments, medication, and non-pharmacological techniques.
131
What is patient restraint?
Restricting movement to prevent harm in certain cases.
132
Why are restraints controversial?
They can cause distress or be misused.
133
What are alternatives to restraints?
Constant observation, calming techniques, and safe environments.
134
What is patient dignity in hospitals?
Treating patients with respect, privacy, and compassion.
135
What is cultural sensitivity in hospitals?
Understanding and respecting diverse backgrounds and preferences.
136
Why is interpreter access important in hospitals?
It ensures patients understand care and give informed consent.
137
What is the impact of poor health literacy in hospitals?
It increases errors, anxiety, and non-adherence.
138
What is the teach-back method?
Asking patients to repeat instructions to confirm understanding.
139
Why is the teach-back method useful?
It verifies comprehension and helps prevent mistakes.
140
What is the role of nutrition in hospital recovery?
Proper nutrition supports healing and strength.
141
How do hospitals manage special dietary needs?
With personalized meal plans and dietitians.
142
What are mobility protocols?
Guidelines to keep patients active and prevent deconditioning.
143
Why is early mobilization encouraged?
It reduces complications like blood clots and pneumonia.
144
What is delirium prevention in elderly patients?
Steps like reorientation, sleep routines, and hydration to avoid confusion.
145
What is comfort rounding?
Scheduled checks to meet patient needs and prevent distress.
146
What are patient-reported outcomes?
Health results described directly by patients.
147
How are patient-reported outcomes used?
To evaluate care effectiveness and patient well-being.
148
What is hospital quality improvement?
Systematic efforts to enhance safety, efficiency, and satisfaction.
149
Why is staff training important for quality care?
It ensures current knowledge, reduces errors, and improves outcomes.
150
What is the ultimate goal of hospital care?
To provide safe, effective, and compassionate treatment that promotes healing.
