10/20/21 bonus Flashcards Preview

zABEM- 83 > 10/20/21 bonus > Flashcards

Flashcards in 10/20/21 bonus Deck (20)
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1
Q

How long of a course of doxycycline should be prescribed for early localized Lyme disease?

A

10–21 days.

2
Q

Neonatal Sepsis Abx

A

Ampicillin
+
gentamicin, ceftazidime, cefotaxime, or cefepime

Acyclovir (if herpes simplex virus is suspected)

3
Q

In what anatomic location do you inject anesthetic to perform an inferior alveolar nerve block?

A

The intraoral coronoid notch.

4
Q

What autoimmune disorder in children can present with colicky abdominal pain and is usually associated with a purpuric rash?

A

Henoch-Schonlein purpura.

5
Q

What childhood disease is causes by parvovirus B19?

A

Erythema infectiosum (fifth disease).

6
Q

Parkland formula and target urine

A

= 4 mL x Wt (kg) x % total BSA burned
—-> 50% in first 8 hours, remainder over 16 h

Target urine output:

  • -> 0.5 - 1 mL/kg/h in adults
  • -> 1 - 2 mL/kg/h in children
7
Q

What is the appropriate treatment for cyanide toxicity?

A

Hydroxocobalamin.

8
Q

The first step in the evaluation of a critical LVAD patient is to?

A

auscultate the precordium to detect a hum or “whirr” to determine if the pump is functioning.

9
Q

LVAD BP check

A

Due to continuous-flow pumps, blood pressure should be checked using a Doppler or with an arterial line. Mechanical cuffs may not always be able to accurately measure or even detect blood pressure.

10
Q

ACLS cavate in LVADs

A

Unless absolutely necessary, chest compressions should be avoided in these patients, as they can dislodge the pump and cause fatal complications, including hemorrhage from ventricular rupture

11
Q

True or false: patients with left ventricular assist devices can undergo MRI.

A

False.

12
Q

Left Ventricular Assist Device (LVAD) Basics

A

Continuous left ventricle flow
Absent pulses
Should be on anticoagulation

13
Q

A fasting plasma glucose of _________ would be diagnostic for diabetes mellitus.

A

> 126 mg/dL

14
Q

the most common way to diagnose T2DM in the emergency department is what lab test?

A

a random plasma glucose level > 200 mg/dL.

15
Q

What are the diagnostic criteria for diabetic ketoacidosis?

A
  • Serum glucose > 250 mg/dL
  • acidosis (pH < 7.30)
  • bicarbonate < 15 mEq/L,
  • presence of urine or serum ketones
16
Q

__________ are particularly specific to serotonin syndrome and are critical in distinguishing it from mimics like NMS

A

Hyperreflexia and clonus

17
Q

What ejection fraction is considered normal?

A

60%

18
Q

Joint injection with normal saline was previously used to detect joint capsule violation; however, _____ has shown to be more sensitive.

A

CT scan

19
Q

Inability to swallow, diffuse muscle atrophy, and a cherry red macula on fundoscopy are the classic signs, symptoms, and exam findings associated with _____________

A

Tay-Sachs disease

20
Q

Infantile spasms are defined by the triad of findings:

A

(1) clusters of myoclonic seizures on awakening
(2) hypsarrhythmia pattern on EEG
(3) developmental delay.