8/4/21 Flashcards Preview

zABEM- 83 > 8/4/21 > Flashcards

Flashcards in 8/4/21 Deck (22)
Loading flashcards...
1
Q

Transfusion Complications

Massive transfusion

A

Massive transfusion: coagulopathy, hypothermia, hypocalcemia

2
Q

Transfusion Complications

most common complication, fever/chills

A

Febrile reaction

3
Q

Transfusion Complications

ABO incompatibility, immediate fever/chills, HA

A

Hemolytic reaction

Rx: stop transfusion, IVF, diuretics

4
Q

Transfusion Complications

urticaria or hives

A

Allergic reaction:

5
Q

Transfusion Complications
like ARDS

GVHD: immunocompromise, rash, pancytopenia, increased LFTs
Prevention: irradiated blood products in immunocompromised

A

TRALI

Rx: stop transfusion

6
Q

Transfusion Complications

immunocompromise, rash, pancytopenia, increased LFTs

A

GVHD

Prevention: irradiated blood products in immunocompromised

7
Q

Transient Synovitis

A

Patient will be a child 3 - 10-years-old
With a history of URI
Complaining of hip pain
Treatment is supportive with NSAIDs

8
Q

Aortic Dissection

Type A

A

Type A - involves ascending aorta

9
Q

Aortic Dissection

Type B

A

Type B - involves only descending aorta

10
Q

Aortic Dissection
Treatment
2-drug strategy

A

Treatment is reduce BP/HR

2-drug strategy:

1st: β-blockade- Esmolol IV is preferred
2nd: antihypertensive- Nicardipine IV

11
Q

Aortic Dissection
Treatment
1-drug strategy

A

Labetalol IV 10-20 mg bolus over 2 min –> drip

Labetalol IV has 7 times more beta blocker activity than alpha blocker activity; therefore, often inadequate for blood pressure control.

12
Q

Aortic Dissection

Hemodynamic goals

A

HR <60 beats/min.
Systolic blood pressure <120 mm Hg

In the event of blood pressure discrepancy among extremities, dose the antihypertensive medication based on the extremity with the higher SBP.

13
Q

TPA indication in PE

A

Persistent hypotension or shock due to acute pulmonary embolism is the only widely accepted indication for systemic thrombolysis

14
Q

What structure lies immediately posterior to a peritonsillar abscess?

A

The internal carotid artery

15
Q

Laryngotracheitis (Croup)

Treatment

A

Treatment is steroids, aerosolized epinephrine

16
Q

What classic unstable cervical spine injury should be suspected in axial load mechanisms such as diving?

A

Jefferson fracture (a burst fracture of C1)

17
Q

Auer rods is a buzz word for?

A

Acute myeloid leukemia

18
Q

The most common organism causing otitis externa is ______________

A

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

19
Q

Isolated fractures of the ___________ are the most common pelvic fractures encountered.

A

pubic rami

nondisplaced pubic ramus fracture is often treated conservatively in elderly patients.

20
Q

What nonopioids can cause a false-positive opioid drug screen?

A

Poppy seeds and fluoroquinolones.

21
Q

Alkaline burns, such as those seen with button battery ingestions, are associated with what pathological finding?

A

Liquefaction necrosis.

22
Q

Ciguatera

A

a fish-derived toxin

neurologic and gastrointestinal symptoms, including nausea and vomiting, hot-cold reversal (cold allodynia), and ataxia.