10- Biological Basis of Emotions Flashcards
What are the two classes of acetylcholine receptors
Nicotinic and muscarinic
Activation of nicotinic receptors does what
Mediate muscle contraction as well as CNS effects
Nicotinic and muscarinic and critical for which nervous pathway
The parasympathetic nervous system.
Organophosphate nerve agents do what
Bind irreversibly to acetylcholinesterase (covalent bond) and inactivate it
What are the symptoms of organophosphate nerve agents
Over activation of muscles and the parasympathetic nervous system
What is the treatment for organophosphate nerve agents
Blockade of cholinergic receptors (e.g. atropine)
Reversible blockade of acetylcholinesterase involves what
- Weaker binding allowing acetylcholine to compete
- Use of drugs such as donezepil and rivastigmine
Klüver-Bucy syndrome
Damage deep into the temporal lobes, including the amygdala
Symptoms include
- Marked taming
- Inappropriate oral behaviour (eating indigestible objects)
- Hypersexuality, inappropriately directed
Stimulation of anterior hypothalamus produces
‘Sham-rage’ in a normally placid animal
Stimulation of lateral Hypothalamus produces
Produced directed rage
Participants with damage to either prefrontal cortex or amygdala perform how in a emotion-related task
Impaired in acquiring the task
Amygdala lesions abolish what
Contextual conditioning
How do hippocampal lesion differ from amygdala lesions
Hippocampal lesion effects are confined to context
An opioid agonist only enhances and suppresses what responses to taste
- Enhances hedonic responses to sweet
- Suppresses aversive responses to bitter
The limbic system has a critical role in what
The representation of affect and reward in the brain
