1.0 Matter can be organized...

Question 0

Safety hazard shapes

Answer 0

Triangle: yellow- caution
Diamond: orange- warning
Octagon: red- danger

Question 1

Matter

Answer 1

Anything that has mass and takes up space

Question 2

Hazard warnings

Answer 2

Flammable: 
Toxic
Explosive 
Irritant
Corrosive
Biological
Electrical

Question 3

WHIMIS

Answer 3

Workplace hazardous materials information system- easy to see warning symbols for hazardous materials
These symbols are designed to help protect people from these materials that might be harmful at work

Question 4

WHIMIS symbols…

Answer 4

Compressed gas, dangerously reactive material, oxidizing material, poisonous and infectious causing immediate and serious toxic affects, flammable and combustible material, bio hazardous infectious material, corrosive material, poisonous and infectious causing other toxic effects

Question 5

Lab safety rules

Answer 5

Read and listen to all instructions
Wash yours hands to before and after handling chemicals
Wear safety gloves, googles or an apron
Think before touch
Smell a substance by wafting it with your hands
Do not taste anything in the lab
Tie back hair or loose clothing
Never pour liquids into a container held in your hand
Clean up all spills
Never look into containers from the top
Never use cracked glassware
Label containers you put chemicals in
Report all accidents to the teacher
Be aware of the WHIMIS symbols on products

Question 6

States of matter

Answer 6

Solid liquid gas

Question 7

Melting

Answer 7

From a solid to a liquid

Question 8

Evaporation

Answer 8

Liquid to gas

Question 9

Condensation

Answer 9

Gas to liquid

Question 10

Freezing

Answer 10

Liquid to a solid

Question 11

Sublimation

Answer 11

Solid directly to gas

Question 12

Deposition

Answer 12

Gas directly to solid

Question 13

Properties

Answer 13

Characteristics that can be used to describe a substance

All matter has two properties: physical and chemical

Question 14

Physical properties

Answer 14

Colour, lustre, melting point, boiling point, hardness, malleability, ductility, crystal shape, solubility, density and conductivity

Question 15

Physical change

Answer 15

Appearance or state may be altered but it has the same composition
Ex. Ice cream melts but tastes the same

Question 16

Melting point

Answer 16

The temperature in which a substance will change from a solid to a liquid
Melting point of ice is 0•C - at this temp it changes its physical state to water

Question 17

Boiling point

Answer 17

The temperature in which a substance changes to the has phase. The sea levels water boiling point is 100• C

Question 18

Hardness

Answer 18

A substances ability to resist being scratched. Usually measured on the Mohs’ hardness scale which is from 1-10
Mineral talc is the softest substance on the scale (1)

Question 19

Malleability

Answer 19

A substance that can be pounded or rolled into sheets.

Metal such as gold and tin are malleable substances

Question 20

Ductility

Answer 20

Any solid that can be stretched into a long wire is said to be ductile
The most common example is copper

Question 21

Crystal shape

Answer 21

The shape of a substances crystals can help identify it.

Silicon crystals are diamond shape and salt crystals are cubes.

Question 22

Solubility

Answer 22

The ability of a substance to be dissolved into another

Sugar is soluble me in water but cooking oil is not.

Question 23

Density

Answer 23

The amount of mass in a given volume of s substance.

The density of water is 1 g/mL

Question 24

Conductivity

Answer 24

The ability of a substance to conduct electricity or heat. The substances that can conduct heat or electricity are called conductors. A substance with little or no conductivity is an insulator.

Question 25

Chemical property

Answer 25

Describes how a substance interacts with other substances such as acids. Are only observable when their is a chemical change.

Question 26

Chemical change

Answer 26

Results in the formation of a different substance or substances Ex. Pancakes are made of many different ingredients to result in its physical change

Question 27

Pure substance

Answer 27

A pure substance is made of only one kind of matter and has unique properties which set it apart from other matter. Mercury and sugar are examples. A pure substance can either be an element or a compound

Question 28

Element

Answer 28

A material that cannot be broken down Ito a simpler substance. They are building blocks for each compound. These elements are organized into a periodic table according to their properties and each of them has a symbol. Ex. Carbon is C and oxygen is O

Question 29

Compound

Answer 29

When two or more elements combine chemically in specific fixed proportions they form a compound. Ex. Hydrogen and oxygen combined make a compound of water, carbon and oxygen form the compound of CO2 which created fizz in carbonated drinks

Question 30

Mixture

Answer 30

A combination of pure substances. They don't form chemically like in compounds but they form in their original pure form even though they may not be made out individually when mixed. Their are four main types of mixtures: mechanical mixture, solution, suspension and colloid.

Question 31

Mechanical mixture

Answer 31

When the different substances that make up the mixture are visible. Ex. Soil and a package of mixed vegetables

Question 32

Solution

Answer 32

The different substances that make up the mixture are not separately visible. One substance is dissolved into the other. Solid dissolved in liquid: sugar in hot coffee Liquid dissolved in liquid: acidic acid and water making vinegar Gas dissolved in liquid: CO2 in water to make pop Gas dissolved in gas: oxygen and other small empire of gases to make the atmosphere Solid dissolved in solid: copper into silver to make sterling silver

Question 33

Suspension

Answer 33

A cloudy mixture on which tiny particles if in substance are held in another. Ex. Tomato juice particles are separated when they go through filter paper.

Question 34

Colloid

Answer 34

A cloudy mixture but the particles of the suspended substance are so small they cannot be separated out from the other substance. Ex. Milk and ketchup

Question 35

Aqueous solution

Answer 35

A substance dissolved in water | Ex. Fresh water, vinegar and cleaning solvents

Question 36

Changes in matter: physical change

Answer 36

When a material moves from one state to the other and can also physically change back to its original state Ex. Frozen juice- melts, freezes and than thaws again

Question 37

Changes in matter: chemical change

Answer 37

Occurs when two or more materials react and create new materials. The new materials have completely different properties when combined. Ex. Changes in colour, odour, state or thermal

Question 38

Change in colour

Answer 38

When bleach is added to the dye of a denim jacket the colour changes

Question 39

Change in odour

Answer 39

When a match is struck the chemicals give off odour

Question 40

Formation of a solid or gas ( state change)

Answer 40

When vinegar (liquid) is added to baking soda (solid), carbon dioxide is formed

Question 41

Real ease or absorption of energy (thermal)

Answer 41

When gasoline burns in an engine it gives off heat

Question 42

Controlling changes in matter to meet human needs: freeze-dryed foods

Answer 42

When we freeze-dry foods it allows it to preserve for a long time and takes up little space. When we freeze-dry foods we freeze the food and put it through a pressure chamber to make the ice change from a solid to a gas. Than you add it to hit water and stir to eat!

Question 43

Controlling changed in matter to meet human needs: corn to remover and plastic

Answer 43

Chemicals made from corn are used to make pop bottle, paint and nail polish remover and to fuel some cars. Corn goes through the process of chemical change called fermentation. After this process the substances are recovered, purified and than used to make products. The removers made from the chemical is bad for the environment whereas the plastic products are not