MEH HPA and GH Flashcards
In which nucleus of the hypothalamus are the neurones that synthesise oxytocin located?
supraoptic and paraventricular nucleus
In which nucleus of the hypothalamus are the neurones that synthesise antidiruetic hormone (vasopressin) located?
supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei (more ADH from pv)
both oxytocin and ADH released here.
The hypothalamus secretes what hormones?
thyrotropin releasing hormone
and
corticotropin releasing hormone.
What is the most common cause of gigantism?
pituitary adenoma
what are the functions of the hypothalamic- pituitary axis?
Control of the adrenal glands
Function of the thyroid glands
Growth
what’s the route of hormones from the hypothalamus to the pituitary?
Hypothalamus – axons – median eminence – hypophyseal portal system – endocrine cells in the anterior pituitary
name for pituitary stalk
infundibulum
growth hormone deficiency in childhood results in? treatment?
pituitary dwarfism
GH therapy
GH receptors activate?
JAKs (just another kinase)
Jaunus kinases
Which biochemical finding would you expect in a patient with acromegaly?
Plasma IGF-1 above the normal range
xs growth hormone>stimulate IGF production by the liver and muscle
diabetes insipidus caused by?
under secretion of vasopressin (ADH)
Which term is used to describe a sudden vascular event (bleeding into or impaired blood supply) in a pituitary tumour?
symptoms?
Pituitary apoplexy.
show sudden onset headache, double vision, cranial nerve palsy, visual field loss and hypopituitarism (cortisol deficiency is the most dangerous).
clinical consequence of diabetes insipidus?
Hypernatraemia
high sodium conc
what’s the surgical procedure that can be used to remove a pituitary tumor ?
Transsphenoidal surger
by inserting an endoscope and/or surgical instruments through the nose.
signs of Gonadotrophin deficiency?
low libido,
difficulty with conception
irregular menstruation.
