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3rd yr- CSB- summary sheets > Extractions > Flashcards

Extractions Flashcards

1
Q

Why might we remove teeth

A
  1. Caries
  2. Pulpal necrosis
  3. Periodontal disease
  4. Othdontic reasons
  5. Recurrent infection
  6. Supernumerary
  7. Cracked tooth
  8. Pathology
  9. Trauma
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2
Q

Name the most common cause for removing teeth

A

Caries

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3
Q

Give some contra indications for exodontia

A
  1. General health of the patient
  2. Medical history
  3. Haemophiliacs
  4. Anxiety
  5. Suspicious lesion
  6. Acute inflammation
  7. No diagnosis
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4
Q

What things in a medical history might make us hesitant to remove teeth

A
  1. BRONJ
  2. Steroids (reduced healing)
  3. Poorly controlled diabetes (reduced healing)
  4. Anticoagulants
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5
Q

Why are suspicious lesions a contra indication for exodontia

A

As a malignant lesion on the mucosa won’t be resolved by taking the tooth out

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6
Q

Why is inflammation a contra indication for exodontia

A

As the pH is altered which will affect the anaesthetic

Also the needle may spread infection

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7
Q

What factors do we need to consider before carrying out exodontia

A
  1. Local anatomy
  2. Access (can patient open their mouth)
  3. Mobility
  4. Root morphology
  5. Bone morphology
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8
Q

What structures should we be aware of when considering extraction

A
  1. Maxillary molars lie close to the antrum (could spread infection)
  2. 3rd molars lie very close the IA nerve
  3. Mandibular pre molars lie very close to the mental nerve
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9
Q

When assessing the roots of teeth we want to extract what do we look at

A
  1. The number of roots
  2. Curvature of the roots
  3. Shape of the roots
  4. Caries
  5. Has it been root canaled
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10
Q

What happens to bone density as age increases

A

Bone density increases with age

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11
Q

How can apical pathology affect bone density

A

Cysts lead to apical bone loss

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12
Q

What should all patients be aware of post extraction

A

Pain, swelling, bleeding, bruising and infection

Possibility of stiff/ painful jaw

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13
Q

What should be received from the patient before carrying out any treatment

A

Consent

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14
Q

What can increase the risk of dry socket

A
  1. Females on the pill
  2. Xerostomia
  3. Smokers
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15
Q

List the 3 principles of removing teeth

A
  1. Expansion
  2. Separation of the PDL and soft tissues
  3. Controlled force
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16
Q

What do we use to remove teeth

A
  1. Elevators
  2. Luxators
  3. Forceps
17
Q

Describe Luxators

A

Sharp thick instruments that fit into tight spaces easily that cut the PDL

18
Q

How should Luxators be used

A

Should be pushed in the direction of the long axis of the tooth

19
Q

Luxators are __________ ________ as they…..

A

Technique sensitive as they break easily

20
Q

What should Luxators not be used as

A

Elevators

21
Q

Talk through the technique of using Luxators

A
  1. Finger should be placed on the buccal plate an thumb on the palate
  2. Use a controlled movement and push in the long axis of the tooth
  3. Patient should start to feel the pocket start to expand
22
Q

Name the standard instrument for extractions

A

Elevators

23
Q

What do elevators act as

A

The act as a fulcrum and applies force to bone and tooth

24
Q

When are elevators difficult to use

A

Difficult to use when:

  1. embrasure is too small,
  2. almost no crown left,
  3. Adjacent tooth has restoration
25
Q

How do you use an elevator

A
  1. Placed in between teeth and bone

2. Rotation and elevating motion us used to sever PDL fibres and expand the socket

26
Q

Name the different types of elevators

A
  1. Couplands
  2. Cryers
  3. Warwick James
27
Q

What are cryers good for

A

Good for breaking inter septal bone, retained roots and 3rd molar

28
Q

What are Warwick James

A

A compromise between elevators and luxators

29
Q

Describe the structure of forceps

A

They have a beak, hinge and handle

30
Q

Post extraction what should we check for

A
  1. Check apices are intact and the whole tooth is out
  2. Is anything on the tooth pathology wise
  3. Squeeze the socket walls to encourage blood clots to form
31
Q

What post op instructions should we give to patients

A
  1. Expect pain
  2. Bleeding is normal
  3. No exercise for 24 hrs
  4. No smoking or vaping for a week
  5. No alcohol
  6. No mouth wash
  7. Warm salt water rinse
  8. Try not to eat on the extracted tooth side
32
Q

What is a complication

A

Any event that would not normally occur or an unanticipated problem that arises following a procedure, treatment or illness

33
Q

How can we prevent/ limit complications prior to surgery

A
  1. Take a thorough history and exam
  2. Know the patient and their problem
  3. Know your own ability
  4. use appropriate investigations and come to an appropriate diagnosis
  5. Warn the patient of any completions the tmay arise
34
Q

What complications can occur following extractions

A
  1. Fracture of tooth or incomplete extraction
  2. Fractures tuberosity
  3. Pushing roots into the antrum
  4. Iatrogenic complications
  5. Fractured mandible
  6. Paraesthesia/ Anaesthesia/ Nerve damage
  7. Inhalation of tooth fragments

3rd yr- CSB- summary sheets (6 decks)

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