1-3. 時制

Question 1

What are you always doing on Sunday?

Answer 1

日曜日に何ばかりしているのですか？
What do you usually do on Sundays?
が正しい。
She jogs every morningはあるが、She is jogging every morning.はない。

Question 2

He is seeing a doctor for his headaches.

He sees a doctor everyday.

Answer 2

習慣的な行動であれば、現在形で、継続的状態であれば、現在進行形にすればよい。

Question 3

Before I went to Beijing, I studied Chinese.
Before I go to Beijing, I am going to study Chinese.
After the storm had passed, all was quiet.
After the storm passes, all will be quiet.

Answer 3

英語は、時がもっとも大事であるが、日本語は、完了の程度が重要。

英語の時の感覚を磨く。

Question 4

My younger siste _ English for two years.

Answer 4

1. studied
過去のいつの二年間であるかははっきりしない。その場合は、単に過去形を使えばよい。
2. had studied/had been studying
基本的に事情が変わった時点がはっきりしている場合、過去完了形を使えばよい
鮮明な描写が欲しいときは、進行形にする。
She had been studying so hard for those two years that eventually she just collapsed.
3. has studied
過去に勉強したことが今にも影響している
4. has been studying
集中的にという生き生きとした描写が欲しい場合、進行形を使えばよい
5. will study
未来のいつから、２年間が始まるかわからない、終わる位置もわからない場合、単に未来形を使う
6. will have studied
未来の終わる時間がはっきりとしている場合に、未来完了形を使う
By the time her guests from China actually arrive, she will have studied for two years.
7. will have been studying
毎日毎日を感じさせる進行形

By the time next year, he will have lived here long enough to acquire citizenship.

By this time next year, he will have been living abroad so long he will certainly be homesick.

By the time I get to Phoenix, she will long since have had dinner.
By the time I get to Phoenix, she will have been crying for at least two hours.

Question 5

we signed a contract.

we have signed a contract.

Answer 5

現在も契約が生きているなら、現在完了形。