Chapter 9 The Urinary System A&P Flashcards

1
Q

is the process through which the body maintains a constant internal environment

A

homeostasis

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2
Q

is a waste product of muscle metabolism

A

creatinine

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3
Q

constantly filter the blood to remove waste products and excess water.

A

kidneys

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4
Q

means pertaining to the kidneys

A

renal

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5
Q

means behind the peritoneum, which is the membrane that lines the abdominal cavity

A

retroperitoneal

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6
Q

is the outer region of the kidney

A

renal cortex

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7
Q

is the inner region of the kidney, contains urine-collecting tubules

A

medulla

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8
Q

is a small tube

A

tubule

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9
Q

are the microscopic functional units of each kidney. urine is produced here

A

nephrons

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10
Q

is the return to the blood of some of the substances that were removed during filtration

A

reabsorption

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11
Q

is a cluster of capillaries surrounded by a cup-shaped membrane called the Bowman’s capsule and a renal tubule

A

glomerulus

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12
Q

blood enters the kidney through this and flows into the nephrons

A

renal artery

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13
Q

blood cells leave the kidneys and return to the blood stream through the

A

renal vein

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14
Q

is the funnel-shaped area inside each kidney that is surrounded by the renal cortex and medulla

A

renal pelvis

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15
Q

are two narrow tubes, each about 10 to 12 inches long, which transport urine from the kidney to the bladder

A

ureters

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16
Q

is a series of wave-like contractions, moves urine down each ureter to the bladder

A

peristalsis

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17
Q

urine drains from the ureters into the bladder through this structure in the wall of the urinary bladder

A

ureteral orifices

18
Q

means opening

A

orifice

19
Q

is an oval, hollow muscular organ that is a reservoir for urine before it is excreted from the body

A

urinary bladder

20
Q

is the tube extending from the bladder to the exterior of the body

A

urethra

21
Q

one located at either end of the urethra. muscular rings control the flow of urine from the bladder into the urethra, and out of the urethra through the urethral meatus

A

urinary sphincter

22
Q

is a ring-like muscle that closes a passageway

A

sphincter

23
Q

means the external opening of a canal

A

meatus

24
Q

is approximately 1.5 inches long, and the urethral meatus is located between the clitoris and the opening of the vagina

A

female urethra

25
Q

is approximately 8 inches long, and the urethral meatus is located at the tip of the penis

A

male urethra

26
Q

is part of the male reproductive system, and surrounds the urethra. sits posteriorly to the bladder

A

prostate gland

27
Q

also known as voiding or micturition, is the normal process of excreting urine

A

urination

28
Q

is a physician who specializes in diagnosing and treating diseases and disorders of the kidneys

A

nephrologist

29
Q

is a physician who specializes in diagnosing and treating diseases and disorders of the urinary system of females and the genitourinary system of males

A

urologist

30
Q

is kidney disease resulting from late-stage diabetes mellitus

A

diabetic nephropathy

31
Q

spasms of pain in the abdomen

A

colic

32
Q

in younger people, the inability to urinary when another person is present is

A

bashful bladder syndrome

33
Q

is the use of a CAT scan to examine the kidneys

A

nephrotomography

34
Q

is an artificial passage that allows the blood to flow between the body and the hemodialysis unit

A

shunt

35
Q

which is a sterilized solution made up of water and electrolytes

A

dialysate

36
Q

are the salts that conduct electricity and are found in the body fluid, tissue, and blood

A

electrolytes

37
Q

provides ongoing dialysis as the patient goes about his or her daily activities

A

continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis

38
Q

uses a machine to cycle the dialysate fluid during the night while the patient sleeps

A

continuous cycling peritoneal dialysis

39
Q

is a band of fibers that holds structures together abnormally

A

adhesions

40
Q

is the surgical removal of the entire prostate gland in cases where it is extremely enlarged or when cancer is suspected

A

radical prostatectomy