1.01B Human Development Flashcards

0
Q

4 dimensions of organization

A

biological
psychological
social
spiritual

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1
Q

Subject of medicine

A

Man

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2
Q

Emphasis is placed on the primacy of human experiences as shapers of behavior and wiring of the brain

A

Psychodynamic approach

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3
Q

Basic principles of the psychodynamic approach

A

1) value of subjective experiences and their meaning
2) unconscious effects behavior
3) transference
4) experiences of infancy and childhood effect behavior

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4
Q

The relationship with someone, something, a force bigger than oneself

A

spirituality

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5
Q

Optimal environment for growth and development

A

1) stable
2) predictable events
3) with adults who can provide basic needs

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6
Q

Basic needs for children

A

1) food, clothing, shelter
2) protection from internal and external danger
3) 3As: affection, acceptance, approval
4) 2Ds: discipline and demands
5) new experiences that excite the mind and neurons

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7
Q

‘Animated’ objects for safety when one moves from primary caregiver

A

Transitional objects

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8
Q

The belief that what one thinks can make things happen

A

Magical thinking

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10
Q

Restructuring of the brain to be more efficient, less energy consuming and more adaptive to a given environment

A

synaptic pruning

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11
Q

Different conceptual models for human development

A
Biological
Sociocultural
Psychological
Psychodynamic
Spiritual
Biopsychosocial
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12
Q

Two components of the biological model

A

Structures

Functions

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13
Q

Model that puts emphasis on the growing circle of relationships

A

Sociocultural model

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14
Q

Model that emphasizes the growth of the mind, characteristic ways of feeling, thinking and remembering, perception
relating to the world of ideas

A

Psychological model

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15
Q

A group of unconscious functions of the ego that temporarily displace discomforts to help people move on

A

Defense mechanisms

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16
Q

The process by which emotions associated with one person unconsciously shift to another

A

Transference

17
Q

Additional model created in order to integrate the three important aspects of life without leaving out anything

A

BioPsychoSocial Model

18
Q

Model in which physicians consider higher level systems simultaneously with lower level systems that make up the person and the person’s environment

A

Biopsychosocial model

19
Q

Biological influences of the Biopsychosocial model

A

1) Genetics, postnatal illness, maturation
2) Can affect growth and development through changes in nutrition, parenting or peer interaction
3) Hormones, etc, cause change of behavior

20
Q

Psychological influences on the biopsychosocial model

A

1) relies mostly on attachment and contingent responses

2) disorders, etc.

21
Q

Social influences on the biopsychosocial model

A

1) social relationships

2) culture, values, mores

22
Q

Something goes wrong with structures/ functions of the body

A

Disease

23
Q

Something goes wrong in functions of the mind

A

Disorder

24
Q

Erikson’s Stages of the Life Cycle

A
Trust vs Mistrust (0-1.5)
Autonomy vs Shame (1.5-3)
Initiative vs Guilt (3-6)
Industry vs Inferiority (6-12)
Identity vs Role diffusion (12-21)
Intimacy vs Isolation (21-40)
Generativity vs Stagnation (40-65)
Integrity vs Despair
25
Q

Phases of attachment development (Bowlby)

A

Birth-2mo indiscriminate response
2-7mo discriminating sociability
7-30mo intentional focused attachment

26
Q

Informal teaching stage that has remarkable physical and emotional growth, language development and awareness of the body

A

Pre school age

27
Q

triangulated relationship with wanting exclusive attention from the opposite sex parent

A

oedipal complex/ elektra complex

28
Q

Outcomes of Oedipal Complex

A

Superego formation

Gender role

29
Q

Stage wherein one enters the community and finds new roles.

Also a time of cognitive, physical, social and moral growth.

A

School age

30
Q

Awkward period between onset of sexual maturation and attaining adult status

A

Adolescence

31
Q

Hormonal secretions cause change in the Hypothalamic Pituitary Gonadal Axis

A

Puberty

32
Q

Marked by activated sexually matured body and immature neurobehavioral systems

A

Adolescence

33
Q

Progressive thickening of the insulation on the neurons

A

Myelination Process

34
Q

Area of the brain wherein working memory and executive function occur

A

Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex