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Psychology (year 1) > Treating OCD (Biological App) - PSYCHOPATHOLOGY > Flashcards

Treating OCD (Biological App) - PSYCHOPATHOLOGY Flashcards

1
Q

which two neurotransmitter (NT) issues do biological explanations for OCD highlight

A
  1. dopamine levels being too high

2. serotonin levels being too low

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2
Q

how can drugs be used to manipulate NT levels

A

by interacting with features of the synaptic transmission process

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3
Q

what are the neurotransmitters linked to serotonin

A

SSRIs

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4
Q

what does SSRI stand for

A

selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors

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5
Q

what are the most commonly used drug for OCD (and depression)

A

SSRIs

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6
Q

three examples of SSRI drug types

A

fluoxetine
sertraline
citalopram

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7
Q

example of fluoxetine

A

prozac

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8
Q

example of sertraline

A

zoloft

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9
Q

example of citalopram

A

celexa

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10
Q

how do SSRIs work

A

by blocking the reuptake of serotonin from the synapses, while allowing all other process to happen normally

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11
Q

what does SSRIs blocking the reuptake of serotonin lead to

A

a ‘build up’ of serotonin in a synapse - which cannot be removed

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12
Q

what are tricyclic antidepressants commonly used to treat

A

OCD

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13
Q

difference between tricyclic antidepressants and SSRIs

A

tricyclics are more powerful/wider effects - rarely prescribed first

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14
Q

examples of tricyclic drug types

A

amitriptyline

clomipramine

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15
Q

amitriptyline example

A

elavil

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16
Q

clomipramine example

A

anafranil

17
Q

how to tricyclics work

A

they block reuptake of serotonin and noradrenaline

this works bc both NTs are in same chemical family

18
Q

what does tricyclics blocking the reuptake of serotonin and noradrenaline cause

A

a build up in synapses, which increases the NTs effects

19
Q

increased serotonin in OCD patients leads to…

A

better impulse control

20
Q

increased noradrenaline in OCD patients leads to…

A

them feeling ‘awake’ and motivated (helps with comorbid depression)

21
Q

what are benzodiazepines (BZs) prescribed for

A

a range of anxiety disorders - including panic disorder, addiction withdrawal and OCD

22
Q

examples of BZ drug types

A

alprazolam
diazepam
lorazepam

23
Q

alprazolam example

A

xanax

24
Q

diazepam example

A

valium

25
Q

lorazepam example

A

ativan

26
Q

how do BZs work

A

by mimicking GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid)

27
Q

how do BZs mimic GABA

A 
they bind to receptors within chloride channels, causing them to open
neg. chloride ions flood into postsynaptic cell
creates IPSP (hyperpolarization) and reduces neuron activity - addressing impulsivity and anxiety

Psychology (year 1) (52 decks)

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