Pharmacology (Diuretics)

Question 1

Hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) (Microzide) Class and MOA

Answer 1

Thiazide Diuretic

MOA

• Inhibit DCT Na+ and Cl- resorption
• Block compensatory incr in renin levels from incr Na+ excretion in the kidney (when paired w/ BB, ACEI/ARB, or spirono)

Question 2

Chlorothiazide (Diuril) Class and MOA

Answer 2

Thiazide Diuretic

MOA

• Inhibit DCT Na+ and Cl- resorption
• Block compensatory incr in renin levels from incr Na+ excretion in the kidney (when paired w/ BB, ACEI/ARB, or spirono)

Question 3

Chlorthalidone Class and MOA

Answer 3

Thiazide-Lide Diuretic

MOA

• Inhibtis DCT Na+ and Cl- resorption

Question 4

Indapamide Class and MOA

Answer 4

Thiazide-Lide Diuretic

MOA

• Inhibtis DCT Na+ and Cl- resorption

Question 5

Thiazide diuretics Indication

Answer 5

First line- HTN (especially elderly and AA (low renin producers))

DM

edema

Question 6

Contraindication for Thiazide Diuretics

Answer 6

Anuric patients

Sulfa allergy

gout- reabsorb uric acid

Caution in renal dysfunction

CKD

Question 7

Thiazide Diuretic Side Effects

Answer 7

Hypotension

Low Na+

Hypokalemia

low Mg++

mild metabolic acidosis

sexual dysfunction

Hyperlipidemia

Hyperuricemia

Azotemia

Question 8

Amiloride Class and MOA

Answer 8

Potassium Sparing Diuretic

MOA

• Initially lower BP by decr CO (decr preload)
• Then maintain lower BP by decr PVR w/ chronic therapy
• Incr Na+ excretion and minimize K+ loss (also Mg++)

Question 9

Triamterene Class and MOA

Answer 9

Potassium Sparing Diuretic

MOA

• Initially lower BP by decr CO (decr preload)
• Then maintain lower BP by decr PVR w/ chronic therapy
• Incr Na+ excretion and minimize K+ loss (also Mg++)

Question 10

K+ Sparing Diuretics Indication

Answer 10

First line- HTN

CHF

edema

Question 11

K+ sparing diuretic Contraindication

Answer 11

Anuric patients

Hyperkalemia

Caution in sever renal dysfunction

Severe hepatic disease

CKD

Question 12

______ are the least potent diurtics and should never be used as monotherapy.

Answer 12

Potassium Sparing Diuretics