1.4b How significant was Gorbachov's refusal to continue to support the GDR?

Question 1

What were the 2 policies Gorbachov introduced in the USSR?

Answer 1

Perestroika and Glasnost

Question 2

Why did Perestroika and Glasnost mean the USSR had to stop investment into the GDR?

Answer 2

The USSR needed economic improvement

Question 3

What policy did Gorbachov have to stop to be able to implement Perestroika and Glasnost?

Answer 3

The Brezhnev Doctrine

Question 4

What did the end of the Brezhnev Doctrine mean for the GDR?

Answer 4

That they were much more susceptible to overthrow in the event of a rebellion

Question 5

How did the USSR stab the GDR in the back?

Answer 5

They became increasingly close with the FRG, having diplomatic relations

Question 6

How did Perestroika and Glasnost cause a loss of identity for the GDR?

Answer 6

They had relied on a Soviet-style system but didn’t want to become Capitalist because they would be too similar to the FRG

Question 7

How did Perestroika and Glasnost lead to added opposition of the SED?

Answer 7

There was pressure to reform through organised opposition

Question 8

Define Perestroika and Glasnost

Answer 8

Restructuring and Openness

Question 9

When was the Accord between Honnecker and the Protestant Leadership?

Answer 9

1978

Question 10

What did the Accord between Honnecker and the Protestant Leadership do?

Answer 10

Showed acceptance of a ‘Church within Socialism’ as they aimed for a working relationship

Question 11

How was the Church’s relationship with the State when the Accord was signed?

Answer 11

Shaky

Question 12

Upto __% of Church Synods were IMs

Answer 12

Upto 25% of Church Synods were IMs

Question 13

What resulted from the SED trying to further suppress the Church by 1987?

Answer 13

Environmental Library Raid

Question 14

What event was openly discussed in Church that would not have been tolerated elsewhere?

Answer 14

The democratisation of the GDR

Question 15

What limited the Church’s pressure to reform?

Answer 15

The Stasi presence in the Church

Question 16

What Church forum for reform was created in 1987?

Answer 16

‘Church from below’ - showed that young Christians were rejecting the cautious approach of Church leaders

Question 17

In the 1989 elections, what percentage of the vote did the SED win?

Answer 17

98%

Question 18

What did research by the Central institute for Youth find in Leipzig?

Answer 18

Widespread disillusionment

Question 19

By 1988, __% of young workers felt ‘strong identification’ with the GDR

Answer 19

By 1988, 20% of young workers felt ‘strong identification’ with the GDR

Question 20

By 1988, __% of young workers felt ‘hardly any’ or ‘no’ identification with the GDR

Answer 20

By 1988, 25% of young workers felt ‘hardly any’ or ‘no’ identification with the GDR

Question 21

How did many people leave the GDR in the late 1980s?

Answer 21

Through Hungary and into Capitalist Austria or the FRG

Question 22

What was the objective of the Church in the 1980s?

Answer 22

Simply survival

Question 23

Church membership fell from __& of the population to just __%

Answer 23

80% to 30%

Question 24

Name the 5 reasons for the demand for change in the 1980s

Answer 24

• Long-term stagnation
• Gorbachov’s reforms
• Church incubation of discontent
• Rise of protest groups
• Increasing inability of the SED to control the population