Stress

Question 1

Acculturative stress

Answer 1

stress that results from the challenges presented by adapting to a new and foreign culture p.103

Question 2

Alarm reaction

Answer 2

the first stage of the General Adaptation Syndrome which involves the body?s initial decline and then rise in arousal to a stressor p. 109

Question 3

Appraisal

Answer 3

an assessment or evaluation p. 115

Question 4

Approach strategies

Answer 4

coping strategies which confront the source of the stressor p. 123

Question 5

Avoidance strategies

Answer 5

coping strategies that evade the stressor, seeking to reduce stress by indirectly dealing with it p. 123

Question 6

Benign-positive

Answer 6

an initial appraisal of a stimulus as neutral or good, and not causing stress for the individual p. 115

Question 7

Biological stress response

Answer 7

the activation of autonomic nervous system responses in the face of a stressor p. 431

Question 8

Challenge

Answer 8

a further appraisal of a stressor as potentially providing a good opportunity for growth or change for the individual p. 115

Question 9

Context-specific effectiveness

Answer 9

when the coping strategy or mechanism used is appropriate for the demands of the stressor p. 121

Question 10

Coping

Answer 10

the process of dealing with stress p. 115, 121

Question 11

Coping flexibility

Answer 11

an individual?s ability to adjust or change their coping strategies depending on the unique and changing demands of a stressor p. 122

Question 12

Coritsol

Answer 12

a hormone released into the body in times of stress p. 109

Question 13

Daily pressures

Answer 13

small inconveniences and problems that are experienced as a part of day-to-day life p. 103

Question 14

Distress

Answer 14

a form of stress characterised by a negative psychological state p. 102

Question 15

Emotion-focussed coping

Answer 15

the use of coping strategies that target the emotional components of a stressor, dealing with it indirectly rather than confronting its source p. 115

Question 16

Eustress

Answer 16

a form of stress characterised by a positive psychological state p. 103

Question 17

Exercise

Answer 17

the performance of physical activity to improve a person?s health and wellbeing p. 122, 440

Question 18

Exhaustion

Answer 18

the final stage of the General Adaptation Syndrome which involves the body?s defences and energy levels depleting, leading to a greatly reduced ability to cope with current and future stressors p. 109

Question 19

Fight-flight-freeze response

Answer 19

The fight, flight, or freeze (tonic immobility) response refers to involuntary physiological changes that happen in the body and mind when a person feels threatened. This response exists to keep people safe, preparing them to face, escape, or hide from danger.

Question 20

General Adaptation Syndrome

Answer 20

a model that examines the biological stages of stress involved in responding to a persistent stressor p. 109

Question 21

Harm loss

Answer 21

a further appraisal of a stressor as having caused some damage for the individual p. 115

Question 22

Irrelevant

Answer 22

an initial appraisal of a stimulus as a non-issue for the individual p. 115

Question 23

Life events

Answer 23

stressors that change a person?s circumstances and force them to change something about their lifestyle p. 103

Question 24

Loss of a significant relationship

Answer 24

losing a relationship that involved considerable emotional attachment p. 407

Question 25

Major stress

Answer 25

stressors that present significant and negative threats to a person?s psychological and/ or physiological wellbeing p. 104

Question 26

Primary appraisal

Answer 26

the initial process of evaluating the nature of an incoming stressor, specifically the kind of stress it will cause p. 115

Question 27

Problem-focussed coping

Answer 27

the use of coping strategies that directly target the source of the stressor, aiming to reduce it in a practical way p. 115

Question 28

Resistance

Answer 28

the second stage of the General Adaptation Syndrome which involves the body sustaining high levels of arousal to a persistent stressor p. 109

Question 29

Secondary appraisal

Answer 29

the process of evaluating the resources available and required in order to cope with a stressor p. 115

Question 30

Stress

Answer 30

a psychological and biological experience that occurs when an individual encounters something of significance that demands their attention and/ or efforts to cope p. 102, 401, 424

Question 31

Stressful

Answer 31

an initial appraisal of a stimulus as a source of worry or emotional significance for the individual p. 115

Question 32

Stressor

Answer 32

a stimulus (internal or external) that prompts the stress response p. 102

Question 33

Threat

Answer 33

a further appraisal of a stressor as potentially causing damage for the individual in future p. 115