Hematopoietic Agents Flashcards
Hematopoiesis
bodies make RBCs, WBCs, and platelets
Biologic name
Generic name
Brand name
Therapeutic applications:
Hematopoiesis
Acceleration of neutrophil and platelet repopulation after chemo
Acceleration of bone marrow recovery after an autologous bone marrow transplant
erythrocyte production in patients with chronic renal failure
Erythropoietic growth factors
stimulate the production of erythrocytes (RBCs); alt to blood transfusions; risk of stroke, heart failure, blood clots, MI, hypertension, and death
erythropoietin (Epoetin alpha): IV, subQ
Erythropoietic therapy to be effective
iron, folic acid, and vitamin B-12 levels need to be adequate.
Hematocrit
may take 2-4 wks to recover after administration of Erythropoietic therapy
erythropoietin (Epoetin alpha): IV, subQ
GRADUALLY raise hemoglobin
Increased risk of cardiac arrest, HTN, HF, and stroke/MI when patient hemoglobin is >11 gm/dL.
Leukopoietic Growth Factors
Stimulates the production of WBCs
Filgrastim
elevates neutrophil counts in cancer PT; apheresis collection; treat severe chronic neutropenia
reduce infection risk for chemo
Filgrastim
IV or subQ
Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor
Side effects:
BONE PAIN
Leukocytosis
Thrombopoietic Growth Factor
stimulate platelet production in patients undergoing myelosuppressive chemotherapy for nonmyeloid cancers
Oprelvekin
Oprelvekin
Administered SubQ
Should continue until platelet levels rise above 50,000/mm³
Oprelvekin side effects
Fluid retention/peripheral edema
Dyspnea (48% of patients)
Cardiac dysrhythmias
Anaphylaxis