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NASM CPT > Study Guide - General Muscular Anatomy > Flashcards

Study Guide - General Muscular Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

What muscles make up the intrinsic core stabilizers?

A

Transverse abdominis, internal obliques, multifidus, transversospinalis divisions (X3), diaphragm, and pelvic floor

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2
Q

What is the function of the intrinsic core stabilizers?

A

Provide stability for the LPHC and concentric abilities

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3
Q

What muscle of the intrinsic core stabilizers supports internal organs, provides intra abdominal pressure, and helps stabilize the core?

A

Transverse Abdominis

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4
Q

What muscle of the intrinsic core stabilizers creates spinal flexion, lateral flexion, and ipsilateral rotation through their concentric actions?

A

Internal Obliques

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5
Q

What muscle of the intrinsic core stabilizers its deep within the torso, inferior to the lungs, helps with breathing when it concentrically contracts by creating expanded volume in the thoracic cavity and also assists with stabilizing the core?

A

Diaphragm

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6
Q

What muscle of the intrinsic core stabilizers balances out the spinal flexion produced by the internal obliques by concentrically creating spinal extensions and rotation in the opposite direction?

A

Multifidus

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7
Q

What muscle group of the intrinsic core stabilizers includes three separate divisions (thoracis, cervisis, and capitis) and works with the multifidus to create lateral flexion and rotation?

A

Transversospinalis Divisions

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8
Q

What are the three divisions of the transversospinalis muscle group?

A

Throacis, cervisis, and capitis

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9
Q

What is the function of the superficial abdominis?

A

Control the movement of the spine

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10
Q

What is the superficial abdominis sometimes called because they are more superficial and can be seen in a mirror?

A

Outer Unit

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11
Q

What muscles make up the superficial abdominis?

A

Rectus abdominis and external obliques

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12
Q

What is the rectus abdominis sometimes called?

A

6 pack

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13
Q

What muscle of the superficial abdominis concentrically performs spinal flexion and assists with laterally flexing and rotating the spine?

A

Rectus Abdominis

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14
Q

What are the external obliques sometimes called?

A

Love handles

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15
Q

What muscle of the superficial abdominis is primarily responsible for contralateral rotation of the spine, plus assisting with flexing and lateral flexion as well?

A

External Oblique

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16
Q

What muscles make up the back?

A

Superficial erector spinae, latissimus dorsi, teres major, rhomboids (X2) and trapezius muscles (X3)

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17
Q

What muscle of the back provides spinal extension, lateral flexion, and rotation of the spine?

A

Superficial erector spinae

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18
Q

What muscle of the back connects the shoulders to the pelvis, is the prime mover muscle for extension, adduction and internal rotation of the shoulders, and can also impact the position of the pelvis when arms are held overhead?

A

Latissimus Dorsi

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19
Q

What muscle of the back helps produce a combination of adduction, extension, and internal rotation of the shoulders?

A

Teres Major

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20
Q

What muscle of the back includes the rhomboid major and minor to help pull the shoulders back through scapular retraction and downward rotation; it is also the deepest movement muscle fo the back, residing above the erector spinae and underneath the latissimus dorsi?

A

Rhomboids

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21
Q

What are the two divisions of the rhomboid muscles of the back?

A

Rhomboid major and minor

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22
Q

What muscles of the back is the most superficial muscles, including lower, middle, and upper trapezius, grouped together?

A

Trapezius Muscles

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23
Q

What are the three divisions of the trapezius muscles of the back?

A

Lower, middle, and upper trapezius

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24
Q

The three trapezius muscles grouped together are known as what?

A

Traps

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25
Q

What muscles made up the deltoids?

A

Anterior deltoid, medial deltoid, and posterior deltoid

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26
Q

Which deltoid muscle provides shoulder flexion and internal rotation?

A

Anterior deltoid

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27
Q

Which deltoid muscle provides shoulder abduction?

A

Medial deltoid

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28
Q

What deltoid muscle provides shoulder extension and external rotation?

A

Posterior deltoid

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29
Q

What are the muscles of the rotator cuff?

A

Subscapularis, teres minor, infraspinatus, and supraspinatus

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30
Q

What is the function of the rotator cuff?

A

Stabilize the shoulder during movement

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31
Q

What muscle of the rotator cuff provides internal rotation of the shoulder?

A

Subscapularis

32
Q

What two muscles of the rotator cuff work together to create shoulder external rotation?

A

Teres minor and infraspinatus

33
Q

What muscle of the rotator cuff creates shoulder abduction concentrically?

A

Supraspinatus

34
Q

What muscles make up the serratus anterior and chest muscles?

A

Pectoralis major, pectoralis minor, and serratus anterior

35
Q

What muscle of the serratus anterior and chest horizontally adducts and internally rotates the shoulders and is the prime mover for pushing movements which contain upper fibers of the chest that assist with shoulder flexion?

A

Pectoralis Major

36
Q

What muscle of the serratus anterior and chest protracts the scapula (rounding the shoulders forward)

A

Pectoralis Minor

37
Q

What muscle is not on the chest but assists the pectoralis minor with scapular protraction?

A

Serratus Anterior

38
Q

What are the muscles of the neck?

A

Sternocleidomastoid (SCM), levator scapulae, scalenes, and longus coli and capitus

39
Q

What neck muscle creates cervical flexion and rotates and laterally flexes the neck?

A

Sternocleidomastoid (SCM)

40
Q

What neck muscle creates cervical extension and assists in elevation and downward rotation of the scapula?

A

Levator Scapulae

41
Q

What neck muscle creates cervical flexion, rotation, and lateral flexion, and elevates the ribs during inhalation?

A

Scalenes

42
Q

What two muscles of the neck create the deep cervical flexors that stabilize the neck and head?

A

Longus coli and capitus

43
Q

What muscles make up the arms?

A

Biceps and Triceps Brachii and Brachioradialis and Brachialis

44
Q

What arm muscle flexes the elbow, supinates the radioulnar joint, and assists shoulder flexion?

A

Biceps brachii

45
Q

What arm muscle extends the elbow and assists with shoulder extension?

A

Triceps brachii

46
Q

What muscles make up the lower leg muscles?

A

Lateral and medial gastrocnemius, soleus, peroneus longus (brevis and titus), anterior tibialis, and politius

47
Q

What two muscles of the leg connects the knee to the ankle via the achilles tendon, more commonly known as the calf muscles and serves as the prime movers for plantar flexion and eversion?

A

Gastrocnemius and soleus

48
Q

What are the two divisions of the gastrocnemius?

A

Lateral and medial gastrocnemius

49
Q

Which division of the gastrocnemius assists with external rotation of the tibia?

A

Lateral gastrocnemius

50
Q

Which division of the gastrocnemius assists with internal rotation of the tibia?

A

Medial gastrocnemius

51
Q

What muscles of the lower leg concentrically plantar flexes and everts the ankle and is part of the peroneals and fibularis muscles?

A

Peroneus longus

52
Q

What are the two divisions of the peroneus longus?

A

Peroneus brevis and peroneus titus

53
Q

What muscle of the lower leg is the prime mover for dorsiflexion and ankle inversion; primary shin muscle?

A

Anterior tibialis

54
Q

What muscle of the lower leg stabilizes the posterior portion of the knee and assists with the internal rotation of the tibia?

A

Popliteus

55
Q

What muscles make up the quadriceps?

A

Vastus lateralis, medialis, and intermedius, and rectus femoris (also commonly grouped with the hip flexors)

56
Q

What are the three divisions of the vastus muscles of the quadrieps?

A

Lateralis, medialis, and intermedius

57
Q

What three muscles of the quadriceps concentrically perform knee extension?

A

Quadriceps lateralis, medialis, and intermedius

58
Q

What muscle of the quadriceps concentrically performs knee extension and hip flexion and is the only muscle of the quadriceps that crosses the hop and helps perform hip flexion?

A

Rectus Femoris

59
Q

What muscles make up the hamstring complex?

A

Semimembranosus, semitendinosus, and biceps femoris short and long head

60
Q

What two muscles of the hamstring complex creates the medial hamstrings and help concentrically perform knee flexion, hip extension, and internal rotation of the tibia?

A

Semimembranosus and semitendinosus

61
Q

What two muscles of the hamstring complex makes up the lateral hamstrings and concentrically flexes the knee and extends the hips + assists with external rotation of the tibia?

A

Biceps femoris, short and long head

62
Q

What muscles make up the adductors and work together to create hip adduction, flexion, and internal rotation?

A

Adductor longus, brevis, and magnus, gracilis, and pectineus

63
Q

Which fibers of the adductor magnus functions together for hip adduction, flexion, and internal rotation?

A

Anterior fibers

64
Q

Which fibers of the adductor magnus function together to perform hip adduction, extension, and internal rotation?

A

Posterior fibers

65
Q

What muscles make up the hip flexors?

A

Tensor fascia latae (TFL), psoas, iliacus, and sartorius

66
Q

What muscle of the hip flexor connects to the iliotibial band (IT-band) and concentrically performs hip flexion, abduction, and internal rotation during closed chain movements (i.e. squat) and causes adduction and internal rotation of the femur if it is overactive or tight?

A

Tensor Fascia Latae (TFL)

67
Q

What muscle of the hip flexors concentrically flexes the hip and externally rotates the femur?

A

Psoas

68
Q

What muscle of the hip flexors are typically mentioned in unison with psoas to be known as the iliopsoas muscle and also concentrically performs the same joint motion as the psoas (flexes the hip, externally rotates femur)?

A

Iliacus

69
Q

What two muscles of the hip flexors make up the iliopsoas muscle?

A

Psoas and Iliacus

70
Q

What muscle of the hip flexor is the longest muscle in the body and impacts hip and knee functions and concentrically performs hip flexion, hip external rotation, and knee flexion (lifting foot to look at the bottom of the shoe for example)?

A

Sartorius

71
Q

What muscles make up the gluteals?

A

Gluteus maximus, gluteus medius, gluteus minimus and piriformis

72
Q

What muscles of the gluteals are the largest, most powerful muscle in the body and concentrically performs hip extension, hip abduction, and hip external rotation?

A

Gluteus maximus

73
Q

What muscles of the gluteals have both anterior and posterior fibers?

A

Gluteus medius

74
Q

Which fibers of the gluteus medius performs hip abduction and external rotation?

A

Posterior fibers

75
Q

Which fibers of the gluteus medius performs hip abduction and internal rotation?

A

Anterior fibers

76
Q

What muscles of the gluteals produces hip abduction and internal hip rotation?

A

Gluteus minimus

77
Q

What muscles of the gluteals concentrically performs hip external rotation, abduction, and extension?

A

Piriformis

NASM CPT (18 decks)

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