Antidysrhythmics Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

Dysrhythmias/Arrhythmias

A

Defined as an abnormality in the rhythm of the heartbeat.

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2
Q

2 Basic types:

A

Tachydysrhythmias (increased heart rate)
Largest group of dysrhythmias

Bradydysrhythmias (decreased heart rate)

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3
Q

Atrial dysrhythmias prevent

A

proper filling of the ventricles, decrease cardiac output & can lead to blood pooling & clotting

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4
Q

Ventricular dysrhythmias are life-threatening because

A

inadequate filling & pumping can lead to decreased or absent cardiac output.

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5
Q

Symptoms of dysrhythmias:

A
Palpitations
Angina
Dyspnea
Faintness
Death
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6
Q

Supraventricular tachycardia

A

HR 150-250

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7
Q

Cardiac Action potentials


A

virtually all drugs used to tx dysrhythmias can also cause dysrhythmias.

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8
Q

Types of Antidysrhythmic Drugs

A

class 1 to 5

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9
Q

Antidysrhythmic Drugs
 Class I: Sodium Channel Blockers (Phase 0)

A

Slows Conduction & delays repolarization (blocks k+ channels)

Quinidine
interacts with digoxin

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10
Q

class 1B

A

Slows conduction, reduces automaticity & accelerates repolarization. (Little/no effect on EKG)
Lidocaine (IV)

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11
Q

class 1C

A

Reduce conduction velocity & delay ventricular repolarization.
Flecainide
Propafenone

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12
Q

Antidysrhythmic Drugs
Class II: Beta Adrenergic Blockers (Phase 2 & 4)

A

Nearly identical to Class IV: CCBs

Acebutolol
Propanolol
Esmolol
Sotalol

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13
Q

Antidysrhythmic Drugs
Class III: Drugs that Delay Repolarization (Phase 3)

A

block K channels; used for dysrhythmias; delays repolarization;

Sotalol
Amiodarone

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14
Q

Amiodarone

A

Approved for treatment of life-threatening ventricular dysrhythmias

no grape fruit juice
TOXICITY

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15
Q

Antidysrhythmic Drugs
Class IV: Calcium Channel Blockers (Phase 2 & 4)

A

Drugs that delay repolarization
Nearly identical to Class II: Beta Blockers

diltiazem
verapamil

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16
Q

Antidysrhythmic Drugs
Class V: Other (Adenosine and Digoxin)

A

Decrease conduction through the AV node and reduce automaticity in the SA node.
Has an extremely short half-life: 1.5-10 secs.
IV bolus only-push fast and hard

17
Q

adenosine

A

Treatment of supraventricular tachycardia

18
Q

Atropine (an anticholinergic drug)

A

treatment of hemo-dynamically significant bradycardia & some types of heart block.

19
Q

Antidysrhythmic Drugs
Patient Teaching

A

Avoid alcohol
Avoid caffeine
Avoid tobacco