WEEK 1: NEUROANATOMY (Millares)

Question 1

in spinal cord, rostral means what orientation?

Answer 1

superior

Question 2

in spinal cord, caudal means what orientation?

Answer 2

inferior

Question 3

what are the layers of the scalp?

Answer 3

skin
connective tissue
aponeurosis (galea aponeurotica)
Loose areolar tissue
Pericranium

Question 4

suture divides the frontal bone and parietal bone

Answer 4

coronal suture

Question 5

divides the parietal bone and temporal bone.

Answer 5

superficial temporal line

Question 6

is the junction of four sutures and the weakest part of the skull.

Answer 6

pterion

Question 7

what artery passes thru the pteryion?

Answer 7

middle meningeal artery

Question 8

a very nice surgical corridor, it provides stress-free entry into the calvarium.

Answer 8

pteryion

Question 9

surgical landmark designed to simultaneously expose the floor of the anterior cranial fossa and the orbit and is classically described near the junction of the frontal, sphenoid, and zygomatic bones.

Answer 9

MacCarty Keyhole

Question 10

4 compartments of the skull base?

Answer 10

anterior
middle
posterior
central

Question 11

anterior border of the anterior compartment of the skull base?

Answer 11

posterior aspect of the frontal bone

Question 12

posterior boundery of anterior compartment of the skull base?

Answer 12

wings of sphenoid, anterior clinoid process, and tuberculum sellae

Question 13

boundaries of the middle cranial fossa?

Answer 13

bounded posteriorly by petrous (HARDEST and THICKEST) part of the skull and part of your posterior clinoid process

Question 14

3 holes in the temporal lobe?

Answer 14

Standing room only

foramen spinosum, rotundum. ovale

Question 15

what exists at spinosum, rotundum and ovale?

Answer 15

spinosum - meningeal branch of CN V3, mid meningeal artery
rotundum - Maxillary nerve
ovale - mandibular nerve

Question 16

posterior cranial fossa what is the boundary posterioly?

Answer 16

anterior part of the occipital bone

Question 17

what exits at the jugular foramen?

Answer 17

CN 9, 10, 11 and the jugular vein

Question 18

cnetral cranial fossa what are hte anterior boundaries?

Answer 18

sella turcica and dorsum sella

Question 19

what exits at optic canal?

Answer 19

ophthalmic artery and CN 2

Question 20

what exists at the Superior orbital fissure?

Answer 20

Superior ophthalmic V, CN 3, 4, 6, and V1

Question 21

what exists at foramen lacerum?

Answer 21

ICA

Question 22

divides the brain into the Temporal lobe (inferiorly), frontal and parietal lobe (superiorly)

Answer 22

sylvian fissure/lateral fissure

Question 23

in between the parietal and frontal lobe

Answer 23

Rolandic sulcus/ central fissure

Question 24

most dominant/ thickest commisural fiber?>

Answer 24

corpus callosum

Question 25

Dural reflection dividing the supratentorial and infratentorial aspects

Answer 25

tentorium cerebelli

Question 26

Dural reflection that divides the Left and Right Hemisphere

Answer 26

falx cerebri

Question 27

homoculus of the brain is located in what gyrus?

Answer 27

primary cortex and the sensory cortex

Question 28

what do you call the subcortical gray matter?

Answer 28

basal ganglia

Question 29

most medial aspect of basal ganglia?

Answer 29

thalamus

Question 30

refers to group of subcortical nuclei
responsible primarily for motor control, as well as other roles
such as motor learning, executive functions and behaviors,
and emotions.

Answer 30

basal ganglia

Question 31

white matter structure situated in the
infero-medial part of each cerebral hemisphere of the brain.
It carries information past the basal nuclei, separating the
caudate nucleus and the thalamus form the putamen and the
globlus pallidus.

Answer 31

internal capsule

Question 32

most common site of hemorrhagic stroke?

Answer 32

putamen

Question 33

Primary relay and processing center for sensory information and autonomic control

Answer 33

diencephalon

Question 34

blood supply of the diencephalon?

Answer 34

PCA and PCOA

Question 35

The Lateral extension of the lamina are anatomically termed as

Answer 35

transverse process

Question 36

The anterior circulation is composed of/subserve by ___________________ and the posterior circulation is subserve by ______________

Answer 36

ICA;

vertebrobasilar

Question 37

first branch of ICA intracranially?

Answer 37

ophthalmic artery

Question 38

connects the anterior circulation to the posterior circulation especially during the embryologic phase of human development

Answer 38

PCOA

Question 39

what originates from the vertebral artery? (4)

Answer 39

Basilar artery, PICA, PSA, ASA

Question 40

in cranial CT Scan, what color is hypodense? and what does it indicate?

Answer 40

Black; Air or CSF or chronic blood

Question 41

in cranial CT Scan, what color is hyperdense? and what does it indicate?

Answer 41

white; Bone, Acute blood

Question 42

in cranial CT Scan, what color is isodense? and what does it indicate?

Answer 42

gray; brain, subacute blood

Question 43

normal ICP for adults?

Answer 43

7-15 cmH20

Question 44

lateral medullary syndrome is caused by a lesion in?

Answer 44

PICA

Question 45

T or F, CSF is approximately 150 cc in volume?

Answer 45

T. 50% intracranial and 50% spinal

Question 46

the midline protrusion of the lamina is the called the

Answer 46

spinous process

Question 47

The Lateral extension of the lamina are anatomically termed

Answer 47

Transverse process