Path 181 Endocrine 2 Flashcards
Define Diabetes Mellitus
A carbohydrate metabolism disorder characterized by hyperglycemia and glycosuria resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action or both.
What are 5 other diseases where hyperglycemia are found?
Hyperthyroidism, elevated estrogen, acromegaly, hypercortisolism (Cushing disease), pancreatitis.
What are three glands that control blood glucose concentration?
liver, pancreas, other
What is the liver responsible for?
production, catabolism and storage.
During a short fast, blood glucose levels are maintained by the liver through ______. if the fasting period is greater than 24 hours, the liver synthesizes glucose through ______.
Glycogenolysis, Gluconeogenesis
What are 7 hormones that maintain range of blood glucose concentration.
Insulin, Glucagon, Epinephrine (adrenaline), Cortisol, Growth hormone (GH) and adrenocorticotropic (ACTH), and Thyroxine (T4).
What cells are secreted by insulin of the pancreas
Beta cells
What are the cells secreted by glucagon of the pancreas
Alpha cells
Insulin and glucagon have an ______ effect on each other.
Antagonistic
What hormone raises blood glucose? Lowers?
raises=glucagon
lowers=insulin
What cells are secreted by somatostatin?
Delta cells of pancreas
where is epinephrine (adrenaline) secreted?
adrenal medulla
Where is Cortisol secreted?
Adrenal cortex
Where is GH and ACTH secreted?
Pituitary
Where is Thyroxine (T4) secreted?
Thyroid gland
