10.5-10.6 Types of variation

Question 1

what is variation?

Answer 1

differences in characteristics between organisms

Question 2

what is intraspecific variation?

Answer 2

differences between organisms of the same species

Question 3

what is interspecific variation?

Answer 3

differences between organisms of different species

Question 4

what are the two causes for variation?

Answer 4

genetic material - genetic variation
environment - environmental variation

Question 5

what are the causes of genetic variation?

Answer 5

alleles
mutations
meiosis
sexual reproduction
chance

Question 6

alleles

Answer 6

genes have different alleles

therefore there is variation created with different genes being present

Question 7

mutations

Answer 7

causes a change in the DNA sequence which causes a change in the proteins synthesised

different proteins means different characteristics

Question 8

meiosis

Answer 8

crossing over and independent assortment causes the chromosomes inherited by both parents to be mixed up

this causes genetic variation

Question 9

sexual reproduction

Answer 9

alleles are inherited from two parents so the offspring will vary from the parents

Question 10

chance

Answer 10

fertilisation is random, so offspring’s genetic material is randomly produced

Question 11

causes of environmental variation

Answer 11

climate
food
lifestyle

Question 12

discontinuous variation

Answer 12

variation caused only by genetic factors

are grouped (cannot be quantified)

controlled by a single gene (monogenic)

Question 13

continuous variation

Answer 13

variation caused by genetic and environmental factors

take a value within a range (quantified)

controlled by multiple genes (polygenic)

Question 14

examples of continuous variation

Answer 14

height
mass
width
surface area

Question 15

examples of discontinuous variation

Answer 15

blood group
colour
resistance