Gram-Negative Bacilli - Zoonotics Flashcards
Which Sketchy image represents Bartonella henselae?
‘Bart the leopard’
Which Sketchy image represents Brucella?
‘Bruce Farms’
Which Sketchy image represents Francisella tularensis?
‘Francis the Rabbit’
Which Sketchy image represents Pasteurella multocida?
“Pasteur’s Lab”
Note: this is Bartonella henselae.
Note: this is Brucella.
Note: this is Francisella tularensis.
Note: this is Pasteurella multocida.
Bartonella henselae are gram-_________, _________ bacilli that cause ____-_______ disease.
Bartonella henselae are gram-negative, zoonotic bacilli that cause cat-scratch disease.
_________ _________ are gram-negative, zoonotic bacilli that cause cat-scratch disease.
Bartonella henselae are gram-negative, zoonotic bacilli that cause cat-scratch disease.
Bartonella henselae are gram-negative bacilli but requires _______-______ stain.
Bartonella henselae are gram-negative bacilli but requires Warthin-Starry stain.
(A silver stain)
Cat-scratch disease is transmitted via cat scratches/bites or infected _____.
Cat-scratch disease is transmitted via cat scratches/bites or infected fleas.
Bartonella henselae cause cat-scratch disease in immuno_________ individuals and bacillary angiomatosis in immuno_________ individuals.
Bartonella henselae cause cat-scratch disease in immunocompetent individuals and bacillary angiomatosis in immunocompromised individuals.
Cat-scratch disease commonly presents with painful _______ ____________.
Cat-scratch disease commonly presents with painful axillary lymphadenopathy.
_________ _________ is commonly seen in immunocompromised patients and is characterized by angiomatous skin lesions, which typically start as reddish papules but can grow into large, highly vascular lesions or nodules.
Bacillary angiomatosis is commonly seen in immunocompromised patients and is characterized by angiomatous skin lesions, which typically start as reddish papules but can grow into large, highly vascular lesions or nodules.
___________ and ___________ are effective against infection with Bartonella henselae.
Doxycycline and macrolides are effective against infection with Bartonella henselae.
Brucella spp. are gram-________, zoonotic ________ that can be transmitted via direct contact with animal reservoirs.
Brucella spp. are gram-negative, zoonotic coccobacilli that can be transmitted via direct contact with animal reservoirs (farm animals such as cows, pigs, sheep, and goats).
Brucella spp. are gram-negative, zoonotic coccobacilli that can be transmitted via direct contact with ________ ________.
Brucella spp. are gram-negative, zoonotic coccobacilli that can be transmitted via direct contact with animal reservoirs (farm animals such as cows, pigs, sheep, and goats).
Brucellosis is associated with ingestion of ___________ dairy products.
Brucellosis is associated with ingestion of unpasteurized dairy products.
Brucella spp. can survive in which situations:
Extracellularly
Intracellularly
Both
(facultative intracellular)
Acute brucellosis commonly presents with what nonspecific symptoms?
Fever, night sweats, and anorexia
Brucellosis can present with __________ fever and _____________megaly.
Brucellosis can present with undulant fever and hepatosplenomegaly
(Brucella spp. replicate within macrophages)
Osteomyelitis is a possible complication of _______ brucellosis.
Osteomyelitis is a possible complication of chronic brucellosis.
Infections with Brucella spp. are treated with ___________ and ___________.
Infections with Brucella spp. are treated with doxycycline and rifampin.
Francisella tularensis are gram-__________ zoonotic ___________.
Francisella tularensis are gram-negative zoonotic coccobacilli.
__________ are a common reservoir of Francisella tularensis, and ____________ ______ are a common vector of Francisella tularensis transmission.
Rabbits are a common reservoir of Francisella tularensis, and dermacentor ticks are a common vector of Francisella tularensis transmission.
True/False.
Francisella tularensis are obligate intracellular pathogens within epithelial cells.
False.
Francisella tularensis are facultative intracellular pathogens within macrophages.
Infection with Francisella tularensis most commonly starts as a painful _______ _______ but then extends to ______________ organs, thus leading to granuloma formation in these organs and painful regional lymphadenopathy.
Infection with Francisella tularensis most commonly starts as a painful skin ulcer but then extends to reticuloepithelial organs, thus leading to granuloma formation in these organs and painful regional lymphadenopathy.
Infection with Francisella tularensis most commonly starts as a painful skin ulcer but then extends to reticuloepithelial organs, thus leading to ___________ formation in these organs and ________ ________ ____________.
Infection with Francisella tularensis most commonly starts as a painful skin ulcer but then extends to reticuloepithelial organs, thus leading to granuloma formation in these organs and painful regional lymphadenopathy.
Francisella tularensis commonly causes ________ granulomas and local ________ in reticuloepithelial tissues.
Francisella tularensis commonly causes caseating granulomas and local necrosis in reticuloepithelial tissues.
What treatment is effective against Francisella tularensis?
Aminoglycosides
A patient presents with painful regional lymphadenopathy. On physical exam, you note a small ulcerated lesion on her right forearm. You note that the patient has mentioned owning a pet rabbit.
What is at the top of you differential?
What is the treatment?
Francisella tularensis;
aminoglycosides
Pasteurella multocida are gram-________, ________ coccobacilli.
Pasteurella multocida are gram-negative, zoonotic coccobacilli.
How is Pasteurella multocida transmitted?
Small animal (cats and dogs) bites/scratches
A bite/scratch from an animal infected with Pasteurella multocida can lead to rapid (<24 hours to onset) __________ and eventual __________ if not treated.
A bite/scratch from an animal infected with Pasteurella multocida can lead to rapid (<24 hours to onset) cellulitis and eventual osteomyelitis if not treated.
Indicate whether Pasteurella multocida is:
Encapsulated?
Facultative intracellular?
Motile?
Indicate whether Pasteurella multocida is:
Encapsulated — Yes
Facultative intracellular — No
Motile — No
Pasteurella multocida is ___________-positive and ___________-positive.
Pasteurella multocida is oxidase-positive and catalase-positive.
What infectious organism is best plated on 5% sheeps’ blood and exhibits bipolar (‘safety pin’) staining on microscopy?
Pasteurella multocida
True/False.
Infection with Pasteurella multocida is best treated with sulfonamides.
False.
Infection with Pasteurella multocida is best treated with penicillin.
