RNA Viruses - Negative Sense - Rhabdoviridae; Filoviridae; Bunyaviridae Flashcards
Which Sketchy image represents rabies virus?
Of what family is this virus a member?
Rhabdoviridae
Which Sketchy image represents Ebolavirus and Marburgvirus?
Of what family are these viruses members?
Filoviridae
Which Sketchy image represents Hantavirus, California encephalitis virus, and Rift Valley fever virus?
Of what family are these viruses members?
Bunyaviridae
Identify as many of the marked points in this image as you can.
Note: this is rabies virus.
Identify as many of the marked points in this image as you can.
Note: this is Ebolavirus and Marburgvirus.
Identify as many of the marked points in this image as you can.
Note: this is Hantavirus, California encephalitis virus, and Rift Valley fever virus.
Rabies virus is a _________-sense _____ virus in the Rhabdoviridae family.
Rabies virus is a negative-sense RNA virus in the Rhabdoviridae family.
Is rabies virus naked or enveloped?
Enveloped
The capsule of viruses in the Rhabdoviridae family (e.g. rabies virus) appears _________-shaped on electron microscopy.
The capsule of viruses in the Rhabdoviridae family (e.g. rabies virus) appears bullet-shaped on electron microscopy.
The capsid of viruses in the Rhabdoviridae family (e.g. rabies virus) is what shape?
Helical
_____ are the number one carrier of the rabies virus in the United States.
Bats are the number one carrier of the rabies virus in the United States.
Name a few common carriers of rabies in the U.S.
Bats, skunks, raccoons, foxes
A rhabdovirus (rabies virus) glycoprotein binds ____-synaptic _________ acetylcholine receptors in the NMJ.
A rhabdovirus (rabies virus) glycoprotein binds post-synaptic nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in the NMJ.
A rhabdovirus (rabies virus) glycoprotein binds post-synaptic nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in what location?
The neuromuscular junction (NMJ)
The rabies virus travels ____grade along _________ _______ to reach the CNS.
The rabies virus travels retrograde along peripheral nerves to reach the CNS.
Where does the rabies virus replicate?
Within motor neurons
The rabies virus travels to the ________ ________ ________ before spreading to the brain.
The rabies virus travels to the dorsal root ganglia before spreading to the brain.
What are the three major S/Sy of infection with rabies?
Fever
+
foaming saliva
+
encephalitis
________philic ______ bodies are pathognomonic for rabies and can be seen in neural tissue upon microscopy.
Eosinophilic Negri bodies are pathognomonic for rabies and can be seen in neural tissue upon microscopy.
Negri bodies associated with rabies infection are commonly found in ___________ nerve cells infected with the rabies virus.
Negri bodies associated with rabies infection are commonly found in hippocampal nerve cells infected with the rabies virus.
______ bodies are commonly found in hippocampal __________ cells infected with the rabies virus.
Negri bodies are commonly found in hippocampal pyramidal cells infected with the rabies virus.
True/False.
Negri bodies can be found in Purkinje cells infected with the rabies virus.
True.
What should be administered after exposure to the rabies virus?
Passive immunization
+
a killed vaccine
Ebolavirus and Marburgvirus belong to what family of RNA viruses?
Filoviridae
Filoviruses (i.e. Ebolavirus, Marburgvirus) are __________-sense _____ viruses.
Filoviruses (i.e. Ebolavirus, Marburgvirus) are negative-sense RNA viruses.
The capsids of filoviruses (i.e. Ebolavirus, Marburgvirus) are __________.
The capsids of filoviruses (i.e. Ebolavirus, Marburgvirus) are helical.
Are filoviruses enveloped?
Yes.
Marburg virus and Ebola virus infections may present with ________ ________ and ________.
Marburg virus and Ebola virus infections may present with petechial rash and fever.
Severe cases of Marburg virus and Ebola virus can cause ___________ _______.
Severe cases of Marburg virus and Ebola virus can cause hemorrhagic fever.
Hemorrhagic fever caused by Marburg virus or Ebola virus can result in widespread ___________, _________, and end-______ failure.
Hemorrhagic fever caused by Marburg virus or Ebola virus can result in widespread bleeding, shock, and end-organ failure.
Marburg virus and Ebola virus are likely transmitted via _________, with _________ as a reservoir.
Marburg virus and Ebola virus are likely transmitted via primates, with bats as a reservoir.
Among U.S. citizens, what population is most at-risk for infection with Marburg virus or Ebola virus?
Healthcare workers who care for infected patients
Bunyaviruses (e.g. hantavirus, California encephalitis virus, Rift Valley fever virus) are ________ viruses.
Bunyaviruses (e.g. hantavirus, California encephalitis virus, Rift Valley fever virus) are RNA viruses.
Name a few examples of bunyaviruses.
Hantavirus,
California encephalitis virus,
Rift Valley fever virus
Bunyaviruses (e.g. hantavirus, California encephalitis virus, Rift Valley fever virus) are __________ (naked/enveloped) RNA viruses.
Bunyaviruses (e.g. hantavirus, California encephalitis virus, Rift Valley fever virus) are enveloped RNA viruses.
Bunyaviruses (e.g. hantavirus, California encephalitis virus, Rift Valley fever virus) are __________-sense RNA viruses.
Bunyaviruses (e.g. hantavirus, California encephalitis virus, Rift Valley fever virus) are negative-sense RNA viruses.
Where do bunyaviruses get their envelopes?
From the host cell Golgi apparatus membrane
The genomes of bunyaviruses (e.g. hantavirus, California encephalitis virus, Rift Valley fever virus) are comprised of ________ (number) ________ (shape) RNA segments.
The genomes of bunyaviruses (e.g. hantavirus, California encephalitis virus, Rift Valley fever virus) are comprised of three** **circular RNA segments.
How is hantavirus transmitted?
Via the feces, urine, and saliva of rodents
(often aerolized and inhaled while cleaning out old cabins, etc.)
What are the two main organ systems affected by hantavirus?
The lungs;
the kidneys
Hantavirus infection may lead to _________ _________ due to increased capillary permeability.
Hantavirus infection may lead to pulmonary edema due to increased capillary permeability.
Hantavirus infection may cause hypotension leading to __________ __________ or acute renal failure.
Hantavirus infection may cause hypotension leading to prerenal azotemia or acute renal failure.
True/False.
Hantavirus may cause hemorrhagic fever.
True.
True/False.
California encephalitis virus and Rift Valley fever virus infections can lead to hemorrhagic fever.
False.
Hantavirus can lead to hemorrhagic fever.
How do California encephalitis virus and Rift Valley fever virus infections typically present?
As encephalitis and seizures
What is the vector for the California encephalitis virus and the Rift Valley fever virus?
The Aedes mosquito
Most bunyaviruses (e.g. California encephalitis virus, Rift Valley fever virus) are ______viruses (viruses that are arthropod-borne), with the important exception of ______virus, which is rodent-borne.
Most bunyaviruses (e.g. California encephalitis virus, Rift Valley fever virus) are arboviruses (viruses that are arthropod-borne), with the important exception of hantavirus, which is rodent-borne (a robovirus).
